Answer:
Inside balloon outward normal force.
Outside balloon compressing atmospheric force.
Explanation:
At ground level gases outside and helium inside are in static equilibrium with balloon as separating surface. Both balloon and atmospheric forces are compressing to maintain that state.
But as balloon moves upward because of less density of helium gas in balloon internal force of helium gas increases. At high altitude atmospheric pressure decreases due to gravitational pull and fluid nature of gas. So equilibrium reestablish and it start to expand at high altitude.
Here we have to get the equation to determine the charge of an ion in terms of protons and electrons.
The general formula to determine the charge of an ion is
number of protons - number of electrons = positive (+ve) value represent the positive ion.
number of protons - number of electrons = negative (-ve) value represent the negative ion.
The protons carry positive charge and the electrons carry negative charge. The ion in which the positive charge is more then the negative charge that will be positive ion
i.e. number of protons - number of electrons = positive (+ve) value represent the positive ion.
number of protons - number of electrons = negative (-ve) value represent the negative ion.
Examples:
Positive ion:
1. H⁺ in which number of protons 1 and number of electrons is 0.
Thus 1-0 = 1 (+ve) value.
2. Mg²⁺ in which number of protons 12 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 12 - 10 = 2 (+ve).
Negative ion:
1. F⁻ in which number of protons are 9 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 9 - 10 = -1 (-ve).
2. O²⁻ in which number of protons are 8 and number of electrons are 10.
Thus 8 - 10 = -2 (-ve)
Thus the general formula for the determining the charge of an ion is determined.
Since the scientists found a fossil from a modern day badger from the Holocene geologic epoch, the badger would be mostly the same, as this is the most recent, and still on going geologic epoch, starting from little less than 12,000 years ago. If the scientist wants to find a fossilized remains of earlier badgers, thus of their ancestors from the Pleistocene epoch, than the scientist should dig deeper. Not a lot deeper though, as the layers of rock from the Pleistocene are just bellow the layers of rock from the Holocene, as the Pleistocene is the second youngest geologic epoch, being the predecessor of the Holocene.
In humans, height, skin color, hair color, and eye color are examples of polygenic traits.
A polygene is a member of a collection of non-epistatic genes that interact additively to steer a phenotypic trait, consequently contributing to more than one-gene inheritance, a sort of non-Mendelian inheritance, in preference to unmarried-gene inheritance, which is the core belief of Mendelian inheritance.
A polygenic trait is a feature, which includes height or skin coloration, that is encouraged by way of or extra genes. because a couple of genes are concerned, polygenic developments do not comply with the styles of Mendelian inheritance. Many polygenic traits are also stimulated by means of the environment and are called multifactorial.
Most inherited trends in animals are polygenic. a few examples are: conformation, kind, size, sturdiness, disorder resistance, temperament, velocity, milk and egg production, growth fee, maturation and sexual adulthood rate, and numerous inherited diseases.
Learn more about polygenic traits here:-brainly.com/question/27493732
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A: 12 N
B: 150 N
C: 100 N
D: 150 N
E: 220 N
