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A hydraulic system is designed to lift cars for inspection in a service station. The narrow end of the system has a surface area
2 answers:
Answer : The correct answer for force = 11.745 N .
Hydraulic system is a system which is operated by moving liquid in a definite area which is under pressure . It uses the force which is produced due to difference in pressure at two ends of a system .
It basically uses oil or water ( incompressible liquids ) , which can relocate the force from one area to other in the fluid .
The force around different areas can be calculated using Pascal's Principle.
Pascal's Principle : It states that if there in increase in pressure in any area in fluid , there will be equal to increase in pressure at other area . It can be expressed as :
---------Equation (1)
, where P1 = pressure in one area P2 = pressure in other area .
Pressure is defined as force acting per unit area . Hence , Pressure and force can be related as :
Where unit of pressure= pascals(p) Force= newton(N)
Area = meter square (m²)
On plugging value of pressure in equation (1) :
------ Equation (2)
Where , F1 = force at one area A1 = area of one area
F2 = force at other area A2 = area of other area
Given : F 1 = 81 N A1 = 5 cm² or 0.0005 m² ( 1 m²= 10000 cm²)
F2 = ? A2 = 725 cm² or 0.0725 m²
Plugging these value in equation (2) :
Multiplying both side by 0.0725 m²
F2 = 11,745 N
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Answer:
The perfect gas law is reliable at the limit of pressure tending to zero. That is to say, at low pressure. The Van der Waals law instead can be used at higher pressures.
Explanation:
The perfect law equation is
The perfect gas law considers that the gas molecules have no interaction between each other and each molecule has null volume. This condition happens at the limit of pressure tending to zero.
The Van der Waals equation is
On the other hand, the Van der Waals law has two extra terms, one to consider the interaction of the molecules (n2a/V2) and other to consider the volume of the molecules (V-nb). These terms make a better approximation to a real gas.
Using the two equations to calculate the pressure (P) for CO2 with
<em>V = 100cm3 = 0.1L</em>
<em>T = 25ºC = 298K</em>
<em>n = 10g/(44g/mol) = 0.23mol</em>
<em>a = 3.658 atm.L2/mol2</em>
<em>b = 0.0429 L/mol</em>
With the perfect law equation:
With the Van del Waals law:
At this case the difference between the results of the two equations is due to the big mass of CO2 which produce a high pressure.