Answer:
see note under explanation
Explanation:
When describing system and surroundings the system is typically defined as the 'object of interest' being studied and surroundings 'everything else'. In thermodynamics heat flow is typically defined as endothermic or exothermic. However, one should realize that the terms endothermic and exothermic are in reference to the 'system' or object of interest being studied. For example if heat is transferred from a warm object to a cooler object it is imperative that the system be defined 1st. So, with that, assume the system is a warm metal cylinder being added into cooler water. When describing heat flow then the process is exothermic with respect to the metal cylinder (the system) but endothermic to the water and surroundings (everything else).
The unhybridized pz orbitals on each carbon overlap to a π bond (pi).The sigma bond framework of the ethylene molecule is produced by the overlap of hybrid orbitals or by the interaction of a hybrid orbital and a 1s hydrogen orbital.
Each carbon still has its unhybridized pz orbital, though. Sigma bond are typically the only types of single bonding between atoms. One sigma bond and two pi bonds make up triple bonds. One sigma () bond makes up a single bond, one and one pi () bond makes up a double bond, and one and two bonds make up a triple bond.
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To determine the amount of a certain element in a compound, we use the ratio of the elements from the compound. We calculate is follows:
45.0 g CCl4 ( 1 mol CCl4 / 153.82 g CCl4 ) ( 1 mol C / 1 mol CCl4 ) ( 12.01 g C / 1 mol C ) = 3.5135 g carbon present
Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.
