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Kryger [21]
2 years ago
13

An object, with mass 83 kg and speed 15 m/s relative to an observer, explodes into two pieces, one 4 times as massive as the oth

er; the explosion takes place in deep space. The less massive piece stops relative to the observer. How much kinetic energy is added to the system during the explosion, as measured in the observer's reference frame
Physics
1 answer:
Agata [3.3K]2 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The amount of Kinetic energy added to the system is 2334.3J

Solution:

As per the question:

Mass of object, m = 83 kg

Relative velocity of the object, v_{mb} = v_{m} - v_{o} = 15 m/s

After the explosion,

mass of the fragment is M and the other fragment, M' = 4M

Velocity of the lighter fragment after collision, v = 0 m/s

Now,

Mass of heavier fragment, M' = \frac{4}{5}m

Mass of lighter fragment, M' = \frac{1}{5}m

Let the velocity of the heavier fragment be v'.

Therefore by the law of conservation of momentum, we have:

Momentum of the object before collision = Momentum of the object after collision

mv_{mo} = Mv + M'v'

mv_{mo} = M.0 + \frac{4}{5}mv'

v' = \frac{5}{4}\times 15 = 18.75 m/s

Now, the change in Kinetic Energy gives the amount of Kinetic energy added to the system:

\Delta KE = KE_{final} - KE_{initial}

\Delta KE = \frac{1}{2}Mv'^{2} - \frac{1}{2}mv_{mo}^{2}

Since, the lighter particle stops, it won't have any kinetic energy.

\Delta KE = \frac{1}{2}\times \frac{4}{5}times 83\times {18.75}^{2} - \frac{1}{2}\times 83\times 15^{2}

\Delta KE = 11671.8 - 9337.5 = 2334.3 J

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Answer:

(a) 0 J

(b) 828.96 J

(c) 828.96 J

(d) 828.96 J

(e) 0 J

(f) 828.96 J

Explanation:

Given:

Mass of the rock is, m=3.18\ kg

Initial height of the rock is, h_{i}=26.6\ m

Final height of the rock is, h_f=0\ m

Initial velocity of the rock is, v_i=0\ m/s(Rest)

Acceleration due to gravity is, g=9.8\ m/s^2

(a)

Initial kinetic energy is given as:

K_i=\frac{1}{2}mv_i^2

Plug in the given values and solve for 'K_i'. This gives,

K_i=\frac{1}{2}\times 3.18\times 0^2=0

Therefore, initial kinetic energy is 0 J.

(b)

Initial potential energy is given as:

U_i=mgh_i\\U_i=3.18\times 9.8\times 26.6=828.96\ J

Therefore, initial potential energy is 828.96 J.

(c)

Mechanical energy is equal to the sum of kinetic and potential energy. It is always a constant value. Therefore,

ME=K_i+P_i\\ME=0+828.96=828.96\ J

Therefore, mechanical energy at 26.6 m is 828.96 J.

(d)

Now, at the final height of 0 m, the decrease in potential energy will be equal to the increase in the kinetic energy. In other words, the potential energy at the start will be converted to kinetic energy at the bottom.

Therefore, kinetic energy at the 0 m is given as:

K_f=U_i=828.96\ J

(e)

Potential energy at the final height is given as:

P_f=mgh_f=3.18\times 9.8\times 0=0\ J

Therefore, final potential energy is 0 J.

(f)

Total mechanical energy is a constant and doesn't depend on the height.

So, total mechanical energy at 0 m is same as that at 26.6 m.

Total mechanical energy is 828.96 J.

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