Answer:
Along the anode-cathode axis
Explanation:
The Anode Heel Effect, in an X-ray tube states that the direction of emission of X-rays by the anode along the cathode-anode axis causes a variation in the intensity of X-rays.
The geometry of the anode causes the X-ray emitted perpendicular to the cathode-anode axis less intense than the X-rays emitted towards the cathode along the axis.
Crushing increases the ice's surface area. Additionally, cooling from ice happens as a result of convection, which is proportional to area. Thus, breaking up the ice expedites the cooling process.
<h3>What is cooling process?</h3>
When precise and consistent temperature control inside a process is necessary, this sort of cooling is used. Because they can offer cooling capacity independent of variations in the ambient temperature, heat load, and flow needs of the application, chillers are frequently employed to remove heat from a process.
It's important to properly regulate the heat load in many industrial operations. Different components of the whole application might need to be cooled.
Major locations for cooling include:
Direct product cooling
During the molding process, plastic
milling metal products
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From the curve on the graph we can see, when y=50 x=4.5
the unit of x-axis is in "billions of years", so the answer is 4.5 billions of years
You should note that the melting point of mercury is -38.83°C, while the boiling point is at 356.7°C. Then, that means that there is no latent heat involved here. We only compute for the sensible heat.
ΔH = mCpΔT
The Cp of mercury is 0.14 J/g·°C
Thus,
ΔH = (411 g)(0.14 J/g·°C)(88 - 12°C)
<em>ΔH = 4,373.04 J</em>
