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4 years ago

How and why does 2-Naphthol differ from benzoic acid when adding NaHCO3

Chemistry

1 answer:

Ivahew [28]4 years ago

7 0

Answer:

2-naphtol is a weak acid and benzoic acid is a stronger acid. NaHCO3 is a weak base, that will only react with a strong acid like benzoic acid. 2-napthol is not soluble in sodium bicarbonate.

Explanation:

2-naphtol is a phenol. Phenol is made of a benzene attached to an OH group. So, it is a (big) organic molecule, and a little non-polar group. The conjugated (or non-localised) electrons in the benzene ring pull electrons away from the OH group. It makes it harder for the oxygen to steal the hydrogen's electrons and become O-.

A phenol is acidic in nature because of this H+ releasing. This will result in forming a phenoxide.

Benzoic acid is a carboxylic acid and is more acidic than a phenol. Since it's acid it will also release H+ ion, in this case to form carboxylate which is more stable than phenoxide. The phenoxide is resonance stabilised.

The negative charge , in carboxylate, is delecoalised on the negatively charged O atom what makes it more stable than phenoxide. Compared to carboxylic acid. ( or benzoic acid) phenol ( or 2-naphtol) is a weak acid.

NaHCO3 is a weak base and will only react with a strong acid like carboxylic acid. A naphtol is not strong enough to react with the weak base NaHCO3.

This means 2-naphtol is a weak acid and benzoic acid is a stronger acid. NaHCO3 is a weak base, that will only react with a strong acid like benzoic acid. 2-napthol is not soluble in sodium bicarbonate.

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3 years ago

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A bottle containing 415 g of cleaning solution is used to clean hospital equipment. If the cleaning solution has a specific grav

neonofarm [45]

Answer: 483 mL of the cleaning solution are used to clean hospital equipment

Explanation:

The question requires us to calculate the volume, in mL, of solution is used to clean hospital equipment, given that 415g of this solution are used and the specific gravity of the solution is 0.860.

Measurements > Density

Specific gravity is defined as the ratio between the density of a given substance to the density of a reference material, such as water:

$Specific\text{ gravity = }\frac{density\text{ of substance}}{density\text{ of reference substance}}$

The density of a substance is defined as the ratio between the mass and the volume of this substance:

$density=\frac{mass}{volume}$

Considering the reference substance as water and its density as 1.00 g/mL, we can determine the density of the substance which specific gravity is 0.860:

$0.860=\frac{density\text{ of substance}}{1.00g/mL}\rightarrow density\text{ of substance = 0.860g/mL}$

Thus, taking water as the reference substance, we can say that the density of the cleaning solution is 0.860 g/mL.

Now that we know the density of the cleaning solution (0.860 g/mL) and the mass of solution that is used to clean hospital equipment (415g), we can calculate the volume of solution that is used to clean the equipment:

$\begin{gathered} density=\frac{mass}{volume}\rightarrow volume=\frac{mass}{density} \\ \\ volume=\frac{415g}{0.860g/mL}=483mL \end{gathered}$

Therefore, 483 mL of the cleaning solution are used to clean hospital equipment.

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1 year ago

7. Disulfur dichloride can be made by reacting chlorine gas with molten sulfur. What is the yield of S2Cl2 expected in a laborat

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Answer:

11.4g of S₂Cl₂ is the expected yield

9.69g of S₂Cl₂ are produced with a 85% yield

Explanation:

The reaction of sulfur S₈ with Cl₂ to produce S₂Cl₂ is:

S₈ + 4Cl₂ → 4S₂Cl₂

<em>Where 1 mole of sulfur reacts with four moles of chlorine to produce four moles of disulfur dichloride.</em>

To find the limiting reactant you need to convert mass of each reactant to moles using its molar mass, thus:

S₈ (Molar mass: 256.52g/mol): 10.0g ₓ (1mol / 256.52g) = 0.0390 moles S₈

Cl₂ (Molar mass: 70.9g/mol): 6.00g ₓ (1mol / 70.9g) = 0.0846 moles Cl₂

For a complete reaction of 0.0390 moles of sulfur, there are necessaries:

0.0390 mol S₈ ₓ (4 mol Cl₂ / 1 mol S₈) = <em>0.156 moles Cl₂. </em>As you have just 0.0846 moles of chlorine, Cl₂ is the limiting reactant.

As 4 moles of Cl₂ produce 4 moles of S₂Cl₂.<em> 0.0846 moles of Cl₂ produce, in theory, 0.0846 moles of S₂Cl₂ (Molar mass: 135.04g/mol). </em>In mass:

0.0846 moles S₂Cl₂ ₓ (135.04g/mol) =

<h3>11.4g of S₂Cl₂ is the expected yield</h3>

If you produce just the 85.0% of yield, mass of S₂Cl₂ is:

11.4g ₓ 85% =

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3 years ago

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Answer:

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3 years ago

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The standard enthalpy of reaction should be negative.

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A thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the total heat content of a system. It is equal to the internal energy of the system plus the product of pressure and volume.

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Hence, option B is correct.

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2 years ago