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3 years ago

An object in equilibrium has a net force of

Physics

1 answer:

Butoxors [25]3 years ago

8 0

Answer:

An object in equilibrium has a net force of zero

Static equilibrium describes an object at rest having equal and balanced forces acting upon it.

Dynamic equilibrium describes an object in motion having equal and balanced forces acting upon it.

Explanation:

An object is said to be in equilibrium when a net force of zero is acting on it. When this condition occurs, the object will have zero acceleration, according to Newton's second law:

$F=ma$

where F is the net force, m the mass of the object, a the acceleration. Since F=0, then a=0. As a result, we have two possible situations:

- If the object was at rest, then it will keep its state of rest. In this case, we talk about static equilibrium.

- If the object was moving, it will keep moving with constant velocity. In this case, we talk about dynamic equilibrium.

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In the Olympic shot-put event, an athlete throws the shot with an initial speed of 12.0m/s at a 40.0? angle from the horizontal.

HACTEHA [7]

A) Horizontal range: 16.34 m

B) Horizontal range: 16.38 m

C) Horizontal range: 16.34 m

D) Horizontal range: 16.07 m

E) The angle that gives the maximum range is $41.9^{\circ}$

Explanation:

The motion of the shot is a projectile motion, so we can analyze separately its vertical motion and its horizontal motion.

The vertical motion is a uniformly accelerated motion, so we can use the following suvat equation to find the time of flight:

$s=u_y t + \frac{1}{2}at^2$ (1)

where

s = -1.80 m is the vertical displacement of the shot to reach the ground (negative = downward)

$u_y = u sin \theta$ is the initial vertical velocity, where

u = 12.0 m/s is the initial speed

$\theta=40.0^{\circ}$ is the angle of projection

$u_y=(12.0)(sin 40.0^{\circ})=7.7 m/s$

$a=g=-9.8 m/s^2$ is the acceleration due to gravity (downward)

Substituting the numbers, we get

$-1.80 = 7.7t -4.9t^2\\4.9t^2-7.7t-1.80=0$

which has two solutions:

t = -0.21 s (negative, we ignore it)

t = 1.778 s (this is the time of flight)

The horizontal motion is instead uniform, so the horizontal range is given by

$d=u_x t$

where

$u_x = u cos \theta=(12.0)(cos 40^{\circ})=9.19 m/s$ is the horizontal velocity

t = 1.778 s is the time of flight

Solving, we find

$d=(9.19)(1.778)=16.34 m$

In this second case,

$\theta=42.5^{\circ}$

So the vertical velocity is

$u_y = u sin \theta = (12.0)(sin 42.5^{\circ})=8.1 m/s$

So the equation for the vertical motion becomes

$4.9t^2-8.1t-1.80=0$

Solving for t, we find that the time of flight is

t = 1.851 s

The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = u cos \theta = (12.0)(cos 42.5^{\circ})=8.85 m/s$

So, the range of the shot is

$d=u_x t = (8.85)(1.851)=16.38 m$

In this third case,

$\theta=45^{\circ}$

So the vertical velocity is

$u_y = u sin \theta = (12.0)(sin 45^{\circ})=8.5 m/s$

So the equation for the vertical motion becomes

$4.9t^2-8.5t-1.80=0$

Solving for t, we find that the time of flight is

t = 1.925 s

The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = u cos \theta = (12.0)(cos 45^{\circ})=8.49 m/s$

So, the range of the shot is

$d=u_x t = (8.49)(1.925)=16.34$ m

In this 4th case,

$\theta=47.5^{\circ}$

So the vertical velocity is

$u_y = u sin \theta = (12.0)(sin 47.5^{\circ})=8.8 m/s$

So the equation for the vertical motion becomes

$4.9t^2-8.8t-1.80=0$

Solving for t, we find that the time of flight is

t = 1.981 s

The horizontal velocity is

$u_x = u cos \theta = (12.0)(cos 47.5^{\circ})=8.11 m/s$

So, the range of the shot is

$d=u_x t = (8.11)(1.981)=16.07 m$

From the previous parts, we see that the maximum range is obtained when the angle of releases is $\theta=42.5^{\circ}$ .

The actual angle of release which corresponds to the maximum range can be obtained as follows:

The equation for the vertical motion can be rewritten as

$s-u sin \theta t + \frac{1}{2}gt^2=0$

The solutions of this quadratic equation are

$t=\frac{u sin \theta \pm \sqrt{u^2 sin^2 \theta+2gs}}{-g}$

This is the time of flight: so, the horizontal range is

$d=u_x t = u cos \theta (\frac{u sin \theta \pm \sqrt{u^2 sin^2 \theta+2gs}}{-g})=\\=\frac{u^2}{-2g}(1+\sqrt{1+\frac{2gs}{u^2 sin^2 \theta}})sin 2\theta$

It can be found that the maximum of this function is obtained when the angle is

$\theta=cos^{-1}(\sqrt{\frac{2gs+u^2}{2gs+2u^2}})$

Therefore in this problem, the angle which leads to the maximum range is

$\theta=cos^{-1}(\sqrt{\frac{2(-9.8)(-1.80)+(12.0)^2}{2(-9.8)(-1.80)+2(12.0)^2}})=41.9^{\circ}$

Learn more about projectile motion:

brainly.com/question/8751410

#LearnwithBrainly

8 0

3 years ago

If the energy carried by a wave increases, which other wave property also increases?

damaskus [11]

Answer:

The answer is wavelength

5 0

3 years ago

The specific heat of a certain type of metal is 0.128 J/(g⋅∘C).0.128 J/(g⋅∘C). What is the final temperature if 305 J305 J of he

Makovka662 [10]

Answer:

45.3°C

Explanation:

Heat gained = mass × specific heat × increase in temperature

q = mC (T − T₀)

Given C = 0.128 J/g/°C, m = 94.0 g, q = 305 J, and T₀ = 20.0°C:

305 J = (94.0 g) (0.128 J/g/°C) (T − 20.0°C)

T = 45.3°C

6 0

3 years ago

When sediment is moved around by wind it is called?

Digiron [165]

Answer:

Sediments can be carried from one place to another. The movement of sediments by wind, water, ice, or gravity is called erosion.

8 0

2 years ago

An object is thrown upward with some velocity. If the object rises 77.5 m above the point of release, (a) how fast was the objec

jolli1 [7]

Answer:

$v_o=39\ m/s\\t_m=4\ s$

Explanation:

<u>Vertical Launch Upwards</u>

In a vertical launch upwards, an object is launched vertically up from a height H without taking into consideration any kind of friction with the air.

If vo is the initial speed and g is the acceleration of gravity, the maximum height reached by the object is given by:

$\displaystyle h_m=H+\frac{v_o^2}{2g}$