An electron: (Select all that apply.)
2 answers:
Answer : The correct options are,
An electron has a negative charge.
An electron emits energy when it moves to a lower energy orbit from an excited state.
Explanation :
As we know that there are three subatomic particles which are proton, neutrons and electrons. The proton which are positively charged and the neutron that is neutral (no charge) both are present inside the nucleus and the electron which are negatively charged and it is present outside or around the nucleus.
As per given in the question,
An electron is a subatomic particle that has a negative charge and it emits energy when it moves to a lower energy state from an excited state.
Where as proton and electrons have different masses but same magnitude of charge with opposite charges.
The mass of proton =
The mass of electron =
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Answer:
molar composition for liquid
xb= 0.24
xt=0.76
molar composition for vapor
yb=0.51
yt=0.49
Explanation:
For an ideal solution we can use the Raoult law.
Raoult law: in an ideal liquid solution, the vapor pressure for every component in the solution (partial pressure) is equal to the vapor pressure of every pure component multiple by its molar fraction.
For toluene and benzene would be:
Where:
is partial pressure for benzene in the liquid
is benzene molar fraction in the liquid
vapor pressure for pure benzene.
The total pressure in the solution is:
And
Working on the equation for total pressure we have:
Since
We know P and both vapor pressures so we can clear from the equation.
So
To get the mole fraction for the vapor we know that in the equilibrium:
So
Something that we can see in these compositions is that the liquid is richer in the less volatile compound (toluene) and the vapor in the more volatile compound (benzene). If we take away this vapor from the solution, the solution is going to reach a new state of equilibrium, where more vapor will be produced. This vapor will have a higher molar fraction of the more volatile compound. If we do this a lot of times, we can get a vapor that is almost pure in the more volatile compound. This is principle used in the fractional distillation.