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WINSTONCH [101]
3 years ago
6

Chlorine and potassium atoms form ionic bonds, carbon atoms form non-polar covalent bonds with nitrogen atoms, and oxygen forms

polar covalent bonds with phosphorus. Explain why these bonds are the types they are.
Chemistry
1 answer:
Ray Of Light [21]3 years ago
5 0

Explanation:

A covalent bond is formed when an element shares its valence electron with another element. This bond is formed between two non metals.

An ionic bond is formed when an element completely transfers its valence electron to another element. The element which donates the electron is known as electropositive element and the element which accepts the electrons is known as electronegative element. This bond is formed between a metal and an non-metal.

Chlorine and potassium atoms form ionic bonds: Ionic bond is formed when there is complete transfer of electron from a highly electropositive metal to a highly electronegative non metal.  Electronegativity difference = electronegativity of chlorine - electronegativity of potassium = 3-0.8 = 2.2

Carbon atoms form non-polar covalent bonds with nitrogen atoms : Non-polar covalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed when there is no difference of electronegativities between the atoms.  Electronegativity difference  = electronegativity of nitrogen  - electronegativity of carbon= 3.0-2.5 = 0.5

Oxygen forms polar covalent bonds with phosphorus: A polar covalent bond is defined as the bond which is formed when there is a difference of electronegativities between the atoms.  Electronegativity difference = electronegativity of oxygen - electronegativity of phosphorous = 3.5- 2.19 = 1.31

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Explanation:

The Hund's rule is used to place the electrons in the orbitals is it states that:

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So, the electrons first seek to fill the orbitals with the same energy (degenerate orbitals) before paring with electrons in a half-filled orbital. Orbitals doubly occupied have greater energy, so the lowest-energy electron configuration of an atom has the maximum number of unpaired electrons, and for the second statement, they have the same spin.

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