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3 years ago

Two aqueous solutions are prepared: 1.00 m Na2CO3 and 1.00 m LiCl. Which of the following statements is true?

Chemistry

1 answer:

svlad2 [7]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

The $Na_{2}CO_{3}$ solution has a higher osmotic pressure and higher boiling point than LiCl solution.

Explanation:

As concentrations of two aqueous solutions are same therefore we can write:

$\Delta P\propto i$ , $\Delta T_{b}\propto i$ and $\pi \propto i$

where $\Delta P$ , $\Delta T_{b}$ and $\pi$ are lowering of vapor pressure, elevation in boiling point and osmotic pressure of solution respectively. $i$ is van't hoff factor.

$i$ = total number of ions generated from dissolution of one molecule of a substance (for strong electrolyte).

Here both $Na_{2}CO_{3}$ and LiCl are strong electrolytes.

So, $i(Na_{2}CO_{3})=3$ and $i(LiCl)=2$

Hence, lowering of vapor pressure, elevation in boiling point and osmotic pressure will be higher for $Na_{2}CO_{3}$ solution.

Therefore the $Na_{2}CO_{3}$ solution has a higher osmotic pressure and higher boiling point than LiCl solution.

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Why do some atoms form positive ions and others form negative ions?

Scrat [10]

It is energetically favorable for all atoms to have a complete outer electron shell. Loosely, the atoms on the left hand side of the periodic table only have a few extra electrons in their outer shell so it is energetically favorable for them to lose them. The atoms on the right hand side of the periodic table almost have enough electrons in their outer shell and so they have a tendency to gain them. Once electrons have left an electron shell, an atom will have a positive charge because it has more protons (positive charges) than electrons (negative charges). Similarly, an electron which has gained electrons to complete its outer shell will have a negative charge because it now has more electrons (negative charge) than protons (positive charge).

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2 years ago

Two solutions namely, 500 ml of 0.50 m hcl and 500 ml of 0.50 m naoh at the same temperature of 21.6 are mixed in a constant-pre

weeeeeb [17]

24.6 ℃

<h3>Explanation</h3>

Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide reacts by the following equation:

$\text{HCl} \; (aq) + \text{NaOH} \; (aq) \to \text{NaCl} \; (aq) + \text{H}_2\text{O} \; (aq)$

which is equivalent to

$\text{H}^{+} \; (aq) + \text{OH}^{-} \; (aq) \to \text{H}_2\text{O}\; (l)$

The question states that the second equation has an enthalpy, or "heat", of neutralization of $-56.2 \; \text{kJ}$ . Thus the combination of every mole of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in solution would produce $56.2 \; \text{kJ}$ or $56.2 \times 10^{3}\; \text{J}$ of energy.

500 milliliter of a 0.50 mol per liter "M" solution contains 0.25 moles of the solute. There are thus 0.25 moles of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in the two 0.500 milliliter solutions, respectively. They would combine to release $0.25 \times 56.2 \times 10^{3} = 1.405 \times 10^{4} \; \text{J}$ of energy.

Both the solution and the calorimeter absorb energy released in this neutralization reaction. Their temperature change is dependent on the heat capacity <em>C</em> of the two objects, combined.

The question has given the heat capacity of the calorimeter directly.

The heat capacity (the one without mass in the unit) of water is to be calculated from its mass and <em>specific</em> heat.

The calorimeter contains 1.00 liters or $1.00 \times 10^{3} \; \text{ml}$ of the 1.0 gram per milliliter solution. Accordingly, it would have a mass of $1.00 \times 10^{3} \; \text{g}$ .

The solution has a specific heat of $4.184 \; \text{J} \cdot \text{g}^{-1} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}$ . The solution thus have a heat capacity of $4.184 \times 1.00 \times 10^{3} = 4.184 \times 10^{3} \; \text{J} \cdot\text{K}^{-1}$ . Note that one degree Kelvins K is equivalent to one degree celsius ℃ in temperature change measurements.

The calorimeter-solution system thus has a heat capacity of $4.634 \times 10^{3} \; \text{J} \cdot \text{K}^{-1}$ , meaning that its temperature would rise by 1 degree celsius on the absorption of 4.634 × 10³ joules of energy. $1.405 \times 10^{4} \; \text{J}$ are available from the reaction. Thus, the temperature of the system shall have risen by 3.03 degrees celsius to 24.6 degrees celsius by the end of the reaction.

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3 years ago

What type of wave it do the contractions of the snakes muscles make as a snake moves forward

Cloud [144]

Hello.

<span>It makes a longitudinal wave because it stretches and compresses while as it slithers foward.
</span>
Have a nice day

4 0

3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

Scientists observe patterns in how molecules interact with each other. At the same temperature, for example, liquids have more a

Alla [95]

Answer:

Hello

I am Parth

Can we became friends

and ur intro plz

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2 years ago

Electrochemical cells can be used to measure ionic concentrations. A cell is set up with a pair of Zn electrodes, each immersed

Phantasy [73]

Answer:

the concentration of the solution is 0.00906 M

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

we know that from Nernst Equation;

E = E⁰ - ((0.0592/n) logQ)

now, E₀ for concentration cell is 0

n for this redox is 2

concentration of the unknown solution is x

so we substitute

0.045 = 0 - ( 0.0592 / 2)log( x/0.300 ))

0.045 = -0.0296log( x/0.300 )

divide both side by 0.0296

1.52 = -log( x/0.300 )

x/0.300 = $10^{-1.52$

x/0.300 = 0.0301995

we cross multiply

x = 0.300 × 0.0301995

x = 0.00906 M

Therefore, the concentration of the solution is 0.00906 M

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3 years ago