Answer:
The mass number is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.
Explanation:
Step (1):
Generation of electrophile: by the action of Lewis acid FeCl₃ on Cl₂ to serve as a source of Cl⁺ (Electrophile)
Step (2):
Addition of electrophile to form carbocation:
addition of electrophile to form C-Cl bond and form carbocation which is stabilized by resonance.
Step (3):
Loss of proton to re-form the aromatic ring by the action of FeCl₄⁻ which removes proton from carbon containing Cl and forming the aromatic ring again
7 becuse it splits in half
Answer: Electrovalent bonds are produced when electrons are transferred from atoms of one element to atoms of another element, producing positive and negative ions. The bond which is formed by the transfer of electrons between the atoms is called electrovalent bond or ionic bond. Electrovalent bonds are only formed between metals and non-metals. Electrovalent bonds are not formed between two non-metals.
In simple words electrovalent bond involves the transference of a certain number of electrons to another dissimilar atom which has a tendency to gain electrons so that both acquire stable inert gas configurations. The electrostatic attraction always tends to decrease the potential energy. Hence, the potential energy of the system is much less than it was before the formation of an ionic bond.
Explanation: An Ionic bond is the bond formed by the complete transfer of valence electron to attain stability.
This type of bonding leads to the formation of two oppositely charged ions – positive ion known as cations and negative ions are known as anions.
The presence of two oppositely charged ions results in a strong attractive force between them. This force is an ionic or electrovalent bond.
Ionic bonds form between atoms with large differences in electronegativity, whereas covalent bonds formed between atoms with smaller differences in electronegativity.
The compound formed by the electrostatic attraction of positive and negative ions is called an ionic compound.
Answer:
B.) a cation that is smaller than the original atom
Explanation:
When the atoms of an element gains or loses electrons, it becomes charged. This charged atom is called an ION. An ion can either be a CATION or ANION depending on whether the atom loses electrons to become positively charged (cation) or gains electrons to become negatively charged (anion).
In this case, magnesium (Mg) atom gives up or loses electron(s) to become an ion, it will become positively charged and hence called a CATION. However, since it loses electrons in its atom, it becomes SMALLER than the original magnesium atom. This is because the electrons left in the atom becomes more attracted to the nucleus and decreases the ionic radius.
