The question's incomplete unfortunately, which observations?
They all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
The answer is GENETIC DIVERSITY and SPECIES DIVERSITY
First, we determine the energy required to melt one gram of ice. This is given by:
Energy = mass * latent heat of fusion
Energy = 1 g * 334 J/g
Energy = 334 J
Next, we use Planck's equation which is:
Energy = number of photons * Planck's constant * speed of light / wavelength
334 = n * 6.64 x 10⁻³⁴ * 3 x 10⁸ / 5.49 x 10⁻⁶
n = 9.20 x 10²¹
9.20 x 10²¹ photons need to be absorbed by the ice.
A. to push each other away