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3 years ago

Match the following:

Physics

1 answer:

joja [24]3 years ago

8 0

Explanation:

1. study of conversion of heat to mechanics → thermodynamics

A branch of physical science which deals with heat and other forms of energy.

2. The Law of Conservation of Energy → first Law of Thermodynamics

Energy cannot be created nor be destroyed. According to first law of thermodynamics total energy of the system is always constant.

3. Result of applied energy → work

Work is the way of system to release its energy.

4. Principle that states that in any energy transformation some energy is dissipated as heat → Second Law of Thermodynamics

5. energy of motion → kinetic energy

Kinetic energy is defined as energy possessed by the body due to its motion.

6. work/displacement → force

Work is product of force and displacement.

$Work=Force \times displacement$

$Force=\frac{Work}{displacement}$

7. power · time → energy

Power is defined energy per unit time.

$Power=\frac{Energy}{Time}$

$Energy=Power\times Time$

8. Device that transforms heat energy into mechanical energy → heat engine

heat engine is a device which converts the heat energy which is released due to combustion of fuel into a useful work that is mechanical energy.

9 . Energy due to position → potential energy

Potential energy is defined as energy possessed by the body due to its position.

10. efficiency of a heat engine unit of heat → calorie

11. Measure of molecular motion → Temperature

Kinetic energy is directly proportional to temperature.

Greater the motion more will be the kinetic energy and with more will be the temperature.

12. Heat given off by a liquid with no change in temperature → latent heat of fusion

Latent heat of fusion is defined as heat released by 1 mole of substance when it under goes phase change that is from solid to liquid.

13. Motion within solids → vibrational motion

Vibrational motion is the motion in which particle oscillates from its mean position.

14. Phase of matter on the sun → plasma

Plasma is hot ionized gas with equal number of positive and negative ions. Due to high temperature of sun most the gas are in the plasma state.

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In which of the two situations described is more energy transferred?

Furkat [3]

Answer:

More energy is transferred in situation A

Explanation:

Each of the situations are analyzed as follows;

Situation A

The temperature of the cup of hot chocolate = 40 °C

The temperature of the interior of the freezer in which the chocolate is placed = -20 °C

We note that at 0°C, the water in the chocolate freezes

The energy transferred by the chocolate to the freezer before freezing is given approximately as follows;

E₁ = m×c₁×ΔT₁

Where;

m = The mass of the chocolate

c₁ = The specific heat capacity of water = 4.184 kJ/(kg·K)

ΔT₁ = The change in temperature from 40 °C to 0°C

Therefore, we have;

E₁ = m×4.184×(40 - 0) = 167.360·m kJ

The heat the coffee gives to turn to ice is given as follows;

E₂ = m· $H_f$

Where;

$H_f$ = The latent heat of fusion = 334 kJ/kg

∴ E₂ = m × 334 kJ/kg = 334·m kJ

The heat required to cool the frozen ice to -20 °C is given as follows;

E₃ = m·c₂·ΔT₂

Where;

c₂ = The specific heat capacity of ice = 2.108 kJ/(kg·K)

Therefore, we have;

E₃ = m × 2.108 ×(0 - (-20)) = 42.16

E₃ = 42.16·m kJ/(kg·K)

The total heat transferred = (167.360 + 334 + 42.16)·m kJ/(kg·K) = 543.52·m kJ/(kg·K)

Situation B

The temperature of the cup of hot chocolate = 90 °C

The temperature of the room in which the chocolate is placed = 25 °C

The heat transferred by the hot cup of coffee, E, is given as follows;

E = m×4.184×(90 - 25) = 271.96

∴ E = 271.96 kJ/(kg·K)

Therefore, the total heat transferred in situation A is approximately twice the heat transferred in situation B and is therefore more than the heat transferred in situation B

Energy transferred in situation A = 543.52 kJ/(kg·K)

Energy transferred in situation B = 271.96 kJ/(kg·K)

Energy transferred in situation A ≈ 2 × Energy transferred in situation B

∴ Energy transferred in situation A > Energy transferred in situation B.

3 0

2 years ago

A position vector with magnitude 10 m points to the right and up. its x-component is 6.0 m. part a what is the value of its y-co

lidiya [134]

The position vector can be transcribed as:

A = 6 i + y j

i points in the x-direction and j points in the y-direction.

The magnitude of the vector is its dot product with itself:

|A|2 = A·A

102 = (6 i + y j)•(6 i+ y j) Note that i•j = 0, and i•i = j•j = 1

100 = 36 + y2

64 = y2

get the square root of 64 = 8

The vertical component of the vector is 8 cm.

3 0

2 years ago

PLEASE HURRY 20 PTS

Crank

Answer:

A. The electric field points to the left because the force on a negative charge is opposite to the direction of the field.

Explanation:

The electric force exerted on a charge by an electric field is given by:

where

F is the force

q is the charge

E is the electric field

We see that if the charge is negative, q contains a negative sign, so the force F and the electric field E will have opposite signs (which means they have opposite directions). This is due to the fact that the direction of the lines of an electric field shows the direction of the electric force experienced by a positive charge in that electric field: therefore, a negative charge will experience a force into opposite direction.

5 0

3 years ago

A person weighing 785 newtons on the surface of Earth would weigh 298 newtons on the surface of Mars.

rodikova [14]

Answer:

The gravitational field strength on the surface of Mars = 3.72 m/s²

Explanation:

Gravitational Field Strength: This can be defined as the force per unit mass which is exerted at that point. its direction is the force exerted on a mass in a gravitational field. The S.I unit of gravitational field strength is m/s²

Mathematically, Gravitational field is represented as,

g = F/m ..................... Equation 1.

m = F/g ..................... Equation 2.

Where g = gravitational Field Strength, F = force on the mass, m = mass of the body.

From the question,

Note: That The mass of the object is constant both on the surface of the earth and on the surface of Mars.

On the Surface of the earth,

Given: F = 785 N, g = 9.8 m/s²

Substituting this values into equation 2,

m = 785/9.8

m = 80.10 kg.

On the surface of Mars.

Given: m = 80.10 kg, F = 298.

Substituting into equation 2

g = 298/80.1

g = 3.72 m/s²

Thus the gravitational field strength on the surface of Mars = 3.72 m/s²

3 0

3 years ago

A pizza delivery driver must make three stops on her route. She will first leave the restaurant and travel 4 km due north to the

topjm [15]

Explanation:

This question involves continuous displacement in various directions. When it becomes difficult to imagine, vector analysis becomes handy.

Let us denote each of the individual displacements by a vector. Consider the unit vectors $\vec{i}\textrm{ and }\vec{j}$ as the unit vectors in the direction of East and North respectively.

By simple calculations, we can derive the unit vectors $\vec{j},\frac{-\vec{i}-\vec{j}}{2}\textrm{ and }\frac{-\frac{1}{2}\vec{i}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\vec{j}}{2}$ in the directions North, $45^{o}$ South of West and $60^{o}$ North of West respectively.

So Total displacement vector = Sum of individual displacement vectors.

Displacement vector = $4(\vec{j})+6(\frac{-\vec{i}-\vec{j}}{2})+5(\frac{-\frac{1}{2}\vec{i}+\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\vec{j}}{2})=-4.25\vec{i}+3.165\vec{j}$

Magnitude of Displacement = $|-4.25\vec{i}+3.165\vec{j}|=5.3km$

∴ Total displacement = $5.3km$

4 0

3 years ago