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kherson [118]
3 years ago
5

The maximum stress that a bar will withstand before failing is called • Rapture Strength • Yield Strength • Tensile Strength • B

oth 1 & 2
Engineering
1 answer:
konstantin123 [22]3 years ago
7 0

Answer: Rupture strength

Explanation: Rupture strength is the strength of a material that is bearable till the point before the breakage by the tensile strength applied on it. This term is mentioned when there is a sort of deformation in the material due to tension.So, rupture will occur before whenever there are chances of failing and the material is still able to bear stresses before failing.  

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For a bolted assembly with eight bolts, the stiffness of each bolt is kb = 1.0 MN/mm and the stiffness of the members is km = 2.
rjkz [21]

Answer:

a) 0.978

b) 0.9191

c) 1.056

d) 0.849

Explanation:

Given data :

Stiffness of each bolt = 1.0 MN/mm

Stiffness of the members = 2.6 MN/mm per bolt

Bolts are preloaded to 75% of proof strength

The bolts are M6 × 1 class 5.8 with rolled threads

Pmax =60 kN,  Pmin = 20kN

<u>a) Determine the yielding factor of safety</u>

n_{p} = \frac{S_{p}A_{t}  }{CP_{max}+ F_{i}  }  ------ ( 1 )

Sp = 380 MPa,   At = 20.1 mm^2,   C = 0.277,  Pmax = 7500 N,  Fi = 5728.5 N

Input the given values into the equation above

equation 1 becomes ( np ) = \frac{380*20.1}{0.277*7500*5728.5} = 0.978

note : values above are derived values whose solution are not basically part of the required solution hence they are not included

<u>b) Determine the overload factor of safety</u>

n_{L} =  \frac{S_{p}A_{t}-F_{i}   }{C(P_{max} )}  ------- ( 2 )

Sp =  380 MPa,   At =  20.1 mm^2, C = 0.277,  Pmax = 7500 N,  Fi = 5728.5 N

input values into equation 2 above

hence : n_{L} = 0.9191n_{L}  = 0.9191

<u>C)  Determine the factor of safety based on joint separation</u>

n_{0} = \frac{F_{i} }{P_{max}(1 - C ) }

Fi =  5728.5 N,  Pmax = 7500 N,  C = 0.277,

input values into equation above

Hence n_{0} = 1.056

<u>D)  Determine the fatigue factor of safety using the Goodman criterion.</u>

nf = 0.849

attached below is the detailed solution .

4 0
3 years ago
Two mass streams of the same ideal gas are mixed in a steady-flow chamber while receiving energy by heat transfer from the surro
loris [4]

Answer:

(a)The final temperature of mixture is T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

(b) The final volume is V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

(c) The volume flow rate at exit is V₃ =V₁ + V₂

Explanation:

Solution

Now

The system comprises of two inlets and on exit.

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from inlet -1 be m₁ and h₁

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from inlet -2 be m₂ and h₂

Mass flow rate enthalpy of fluid from  exit be m₃ and h₃

Mixing chambers do not include any kind of work (w = 0)

So, both  the kinetic and potential energies of the fluid streams are usually negligible (ke =0, pe =0)

(a) Applying the mass balance of mixing chamber, min = mout

Applying the energy balance of mixing chamber,

Ein = Eout

min hin =mout hout

miCpT₁ + m₂CpT₂ +Qin =m₃CpT₃

T₃ = miCpT₁/m₃CpT₃ + m₂CpT₂/m₃CpT₃ + Qin/m₃CpT₃ +

T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

The final temperature of mixture is T₃ =m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp

(b) From the ideal gas equation,

v =RT/PT

v₃ = RT₃/P₃

The volume flow rate at the exit, V₃ =m₃v₃

V₃ = m₃ RT₃/P₃

Substituting the value of T₃, we have

V₃=m₃ R/P₃ (=m₁T₁/m₃+ m₂T₂/m₃ + Qin/m₃Cp)

V₃ =  R/P₃ (m₁T₁+ m₂T₂ + Qin/Cp)

Now

The mixing process occurs at constant pressure P₃=P₂=P₁.

Hence V₃ becomes:

V₃=m₁RT₁/P₁ +m₂RT₂/P₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

Therefore, the final volume is V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + RQin/P₃Cp

(c) Now for an adiabatic mixing, Qin =0

Hence V₃ becomes:

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + r * 0/P₃Cp

V₃ =V₁ + V₂ + 0

V₃ =V₁ + V₂

Therefore the volume flow rate at exit is V₃ =V₁ + V₂

8 0
3 years ago
The idling engines of a landing turbojet produce forward thrust when operating in a normal manner, but they can produce reverse
sertanlavr [38]

Answer:

T = 5416.67 N

T = -2083.5 N

T = 0

Explanation:

Forward thrust has positive values and reverse thrust has negative values.

part a

Flight speed u = ( 150 km / h ) / 3.6 = 41.67 km / s

The thrust force represents the horizontal or x-component of momentum equation:

T = flow(m_{exhaust})*(u_{exhaust} - u_{flight} )\\T = (50 kg/s ) * (150 - 41.67)\\\\T = 5416.67 N

Answer: The thrust force T = 5416.67 N

part b

Now the exhaust velocity is now vertical due to reverse thrust application, then it has a zero horizontal component, thus thrust equation is:

T = flow(m_{exhaust})*(u_{exhaust} - u_{flight} )\\T = (50 kg/s ) * (0 - 41.67)\\\\T = -2083.5 N

Answer: The thrust force T = -2083.5 N reverse direction

part c

Now the exhaust velocity and flight velocity is zero, then it has a zero horizontal component, thus thrust is also zero as there is no difference in two velocities in x direction.

Answer: T = 0 N

5 0
3 years ago
A tank with a volume of 8 m3 containing 4 m3 of 20% (by volume) NaOH solution is to be purged by adding pure water at a rate of
lawyer [7]

Answer:

The time necessary to purge 95% of the NaOH is 0.38 h

Explanation:

Given:

vfpure water(i) = 3 m³/h

vNaOH = 4 m³

xNaOH = 0.2

vfpure water(f) = 2 m³/h

pwater = 1000 kg/m³

pNaOH = 1220 kg/m³

The mass flow rate of the water is = 3 * 1000 = 3000 kg/h

The mass of NaOH in the solution is = 0.2 * 4 * 1220 = 976 kg

When the 95% of the NaOH is purged, thus the NaOH in outlet is = 0.95 * 976 = 927.2 kg

The volume of NaOH in outlet after time is = 927.2/1220 = 0.76 m³

The time required to purge the 95% of the NaOH is = 0.76/2 = 0.38 h

4 0
3 years ago
For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11.3 h duration will raise the carbon concentratio
diamong [38]

This question is incomplete, the complete question is;

For a steel alloy it has been determined that a carburizing heat treatment of 11.3 h duration at Temperature T1 will raise the carbon concentration to 0.44 wt% at a point 1.8 mm from the surface. A separate experiment is performed at T2 that doubles the diffusion coefficient for carbon in steel.

Estimate the time necessary to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 mm position for an identical steel and at the same carburizing temperature T2.

Answer:

the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

Explanation:

Given the data in the question;

treatment time t₁ = 11.3 hours

Carbon concentration = 0.444 wt%

thickness at surface x₁ = 1.8 mm = 0.0018 m

thickness at identical steel x₂ = 4.9 mm = 0.0049 m

Now, Using Fick's second law inform of diffusion

x^2 / Dt = constant

where D is constant

then

x^2 / t = constant

x^2_1 / t₁ = x^2_2 / t₂

x^2_1 t₂ = t₁x^2_2

t₂ = t₁x^2_2 / x^2_1

t₂ = (x^2_2 / x^2_1)t₁

t₂ = ( x_2 / x_1 )^2 × t₁

so we substitute

t₂ = ( 0.0049  / 0.0018  )^2 × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 7.41 × 11.3 hrs

t₂ = 83.733 hrs

Therefore, the required time to achieve the same concentration at a 4.9 is 83.733 hrs

8 0
3 years ago
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