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3 years ago

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The Torricelli's theorem states that the (velocity—pressure-density) of liquid flowing out of an orifice is proportional to the

square root of the (height-pressure-velocity) of liquid above the center of the orifice.

1 answer:

Sergeeva-Olga [200]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

The correct answer is 'velocity'of liquid flowing out of an orifice is proportional to the square root of the 'height' of liquid above the center of the orifice.

Explanation:

Torricelli's theorem states that

$v_{exit}=\sqrt{2gh}$

where

$v_{exit}$ is the velocity with which the fluid leaves orifice

$h$ is the head under which the flow occurs.

Thus we can compare the given options to arrive at the correct answer

Velocity is proportional to square root of head under which the flow occurs.

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Thin film deposition is a process where: a)-elemental, alloy, or compound thin films are deposited onto a bulk substrate! b)-Pho

marshall27 [118]

Answer:

(A) elemental, alloy, or compound thin films are deposited on to a bulk substrate

Explanation:

In film deposition there is process of depositing of material in form of thin films whose size varies between the nano meters to micrometers onto a surface. The material can be a single element a alloy or a compound.

This technology is very useful in semiconductor industries, in solar panels in CD drives etc

so from above discussion it is clear that option (a) will be the correct answer

8 0

3 years ago

A four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine has a bore of 3.7 in. and a stroke of 3.4 in. The clearance volume is 16

Bad White [126]

Answer:

the net work per cycle $\mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}$ Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, W = 88.0144746 hp

Explanation:

the information given includes;

diameter of the four-cylinder bore = 3.7 in

length of the stroke = 3.4 in

The clearance volume = 16% = 0.16

The cylindrical volume $V_2 = 0.16 V_1$

the crankshaft N rotates at a speed of 2400 RPM.

At the beginning of the compression , temperature $T_1$ = 60 F = 519.67 R

and;

Otto cycle with a pressure = 14.5 lbf/in² = (14.5 × 144 ) lb/ft²

= 2088 lb/ft²

The maximum temperature in the cycle is 5200 R

From the given information; the change in volume is:

$V_1-V_2 = \dfrac{\pi}{4}D^2L$

$V_1-0.16V_1= \dfrac{\pi}{4}(3.7)^2(3.4)$

$V_1-0.16V_1= 36.55714291$

$0.84 V_1 =36.55714291$

$V_1 =\dfrac{36.55714291}{0.84 }$

$V_1 =43.52040823 \ in^3 \\ \\ V_1 = 43.52 \ in^3$

$V_1 = 0.02518 \ ft^3$

the mass in air ( lb) can be determined by using the formula:

$m = \dfrac{P_1V_1}{RT}$

where;

R = 53.3533 ft.lbf/lb.R°

$m = \dfrac{2088 \ lb/ft^2 \times 0.02518 \ ft^3}{53.3533 \ ft .lbf/lb.^0R \times 519 .67 ^0 R}$

m = 0.0018962 lb

From the tables of ideal gas properties at Temperature 519.67 R

$v_{r1} =158.58$

$u_1 = 88.62 Btu/lb$

At state of volume 2; the relative volume can be determined as:

$v_{r2} = v_{r1} \times \dfrac{V_2}{V_1}$

$v_{r2} = 158.58 \times 0.16$

$v_{r2} = 25.3728$

The specific energy $u_2$ at $v_{r2} = 25.3728$ is 184.7 Btu/lb

From the tables of ideal gas properties at maximum Temperature T = 5200 R

$v_{r3} = 0.1828$

$u_3 = 1098 \ Btu/lb$

To determine the relative volume at state 4; we have:

$v_{r4} = v_{r3} \times \dfrac{V_1}{V_2}$

$v_{r4} =0.1828 \times \dfrac{1}{0.16}$

$v_{r4} =1.1425$

The specific energy $u_4$ at $v_{r4} =1.1425$ is 591.84 Btu/lb

Now; the net work per cycle can now be calculated as by using the following formula:

$W_{net} = Heat \ supplied - Heat \ rejected$

$W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2)-m(u_4 - u_1)$

$W_{net} = m(u_3-u_2- u_4 + u_1)$

$W_{net} = m(1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)$

$W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (1098-184.7- 591.84 + 88.62)$

$W_{net} = 0.0018962 \times (410.08)$

$\mathbf{W_{net} = 0.777593696}$ Btu per cycle

the power developed by the engine, in horsepower. can be calculated as follows;

In the four-cylinder, four-stroke internal combustion engine; the power developed by the engine can be calculated by using the expression:

$W = 4 \times N' \times W_{net$

where ;

$N' = \dfrac{2400}{2}$

N' = 1200 cycles/min

N' = 1200 cycles/60 seconds

N' = 20 cycles/sec

W = 4 × 20 cycles/sec × 0.777593696

W = 62.20749568 Btu/s

W = 88.0144746 hp

8 0

3 years ago

For a project in C++ we are supposed toDesign a class named Month. The class should have the following private members:-name: a

mart [117]

Answer:

include <iostream>

using namespace std;

class Month

{

public:

Month (char firstLetter, char secondLetter, char thirdLetter);

Month (int monthNum);

.

Month();

void outputMonth_num();

void outputMonthLetters();

private:

int month;

};

int main ()

{

//

// Variable declarations

//

int monthNum;

char firstLetter, secondLetter, thirdLetter;

char testAgain;

do {

cout << endl;

cout << "Testing the default constructor ..." << endl;

Month defaultMonth;

defaultMonth.outputMonth_num();

defaultMonth.outputMonthLetters();

//

// Construct a month using the constructor with one integer argument

//

cout << endl;

cout << "Testing the constructor with one integer argument..." << endl;

cout << "Enter a month number: ";

cin >> monthNum;

Month testMonth1(monthNum);

testMonth1.outputMonth_num();

testMonth1.outputMonthLetters();

//

// Construct a month using the constructor with three letters as arguments

//

cout << endl;

cout << "Testing the constructor with 3 letters as arguments ..." << endl;

cout << "Enter the first three letters of a month (lowercase): ";

cin >> firstLetter >> secondLetter >> thirdLetter;

cout << endl;

Month testMonth2(firstLetter, secondLetter, thirdLetter);

testMonth2.outputMonth_num();

testMonth2.outputMonthLetters();

//

// See if user wants to try another month

//

cout << endl;

cout << "Do you want to test again? (y or n) ";

cin >> testAgain;

}

while (testAgain == 'y' || testAgain == 'Y');

return 0;

}

Month::Month(char firstLetter, char secondLetter, char thirdLetter)

{

if ((firstLetter == 'j')&&(secondLetter == 'a')&&(thirdLetter == 'n'))

outputMonth_num = 1;

if ((firstLetter == 'f')&&(secondLetter == 'e')&&(thirdLetter == 'b'))

outputMonth_num = 2;

if ((firstLetter == 'm')&&(secondLetter == 'a')&&(thirdLetter == 'r'))

outputMonth_num = 3;

if ((firstLetter = 'a')&&(secondLetter == 'p')&&(thirdLetter == 'r'))

outputMonth_num = 4;

if ((firstLetter == 'm')&&(secondLetter == 'a')&&(thirdLetter == 'y'))

outputMonth_num = 5;

if ((firstLetter == 'j')&&(secondLetter == 'u')&&(thirdLetter == 'n'))

outputMonth_num = 6;

if ((firstLetter == 'j')&&(secondLetter == 'u')&&(.thirdLetter == 'l'))

outputMonth_num = 7;

if ((firstLetter == 'a')&&(secondLetter == 'u')&&(thirdLetter == 'g'))

outputMonth_num = 8;

if ((firstLetter == 's')&&(secondLetter == 'e')&&(thirdLetter == 'p'))

outputMonth_num = 9;

if ((firstLetter == 'o')&&(secondLetter == 'c')&&(thirdLetter == 't'))

outputMonth_num = 10;

if ((firstLetter == 'n')&&(secondLetter == 'o')&&(thirdLetter == 'v'))

outputMonth_num = 11;

if ((firstLetter == 'd')&&(secondLetter == 'e')&&(thirdLetter == 'c'))

outputMonth_num = 12;

}

Month::inputMonthByNumber

{

if (Month_num > 12 && Month_num < 1)

cout << "Invalid number for Month, please choose 1-12)\n";

}

void Month::outputMonth_num()

{

if (month >= 1 && month <= 12)

cout ><< "Month: " << month << endl;

else

cout << "Error - The month is not a valid!" << endl;

}

void Month::outputMonthLetters()

{

switch (month)

{

case 1:

cout << "Jan" << endl;

break;

case 2:

cout << "Feb" << endl;

break;

case 3:

cout << "Mar" << endl;

break;

case 4:

cout << "Apr" << endl;

break;

case 5:

cout << "May" << endl;

break;

case 6:

cout << "Jun" << endl;

break;

case 7:

cout << "Jul" << endl;

break;

case 8:

cout << "Aug" << endl;

break;

case 9:

cout << "Sep" << endl;

break;

case 10:

cout << "Oct" << endl;

break;

case 11:

cout << "Nov" << endl;

break;

case 12:

cout << "Dec" << endl;

break;

default:

cout << "Error - the month is not a valid!" << endl;

}

}

7 0

3 years ago

A gas expands in a piston-cylinder assembly from p1 = 8 bar, V1 = 0.02 m3 to p2 = 2 bar. The relation between pressure and volum

Charra [1.4K]

Answer:

The heat transfer is 29.75 kJ

Explanation:

The process is a polytropic expansion process

General polytropic expansion process is given by PV^n = constant

Comparing PV^n = constant with PV^1.2 = constant

n = 1.2

(V2/V1)^n = P1/P2

(V2/0.02)^1.2 = 8/2

V2/0.02 = 4^(1/1.2)

V2 = 0.02 × 3.2 = 0.064 m^3

W = (P2V2 - P1V1)/1-n

P1 = 8 bar = 8×100 = 800 kPa

P2 = 2 bar = 2×100 = 200 kPa

V1 = 0.02 m^3

V2 = 0.064 m^3

1 - n = 1 - 1.2 = -0.2

W = (200×0.064 - 800×0.02)/-0.2 = -3.2/-0.2 = 16 kJ

∆U = 55 kJ/kg × 0.25 kg = 13.75 kJ

Heat transfer (Q) = ∆U + W = 13.75 + 16 = 29.75 kJ

7 0

3 years ago

Section BreakProblem 08.048 2.value: 5.00 pointsRequired information Problem 08.048.b Compute the expected error. The expected e

Lady_Fox [76]

Answer:

a) 19 or select the closest answer

b) 5%

Explanation:

a)

from the voltage divide rule

$V_{in} = V_0 * \frac{R_2}{R_2 + R_f}$

$\frac{V_0}{V_{in}} = \frac{R_2 + R_f}{R_2} => 1 + \frac{R_f}{R_2} = 20$

$\frac{R_f}{R_2} = 19$

Select the nearest answer

b)

obtained gain = $\frac{V_0}{V_{in}} = 1 + \frac{36}{2} = 19$

Expected gain = $\frac{V_0}{V_{in}} = 20$

∴ error = | $\frac{19 - 20}{20}$ | × 100

= 1/20 × 100

= 5%

6 0

3 years ago