Which statement describes the use of a flowchart?
2 answers:
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i. The given compound X is 2-methyl pent-2-ene. When it is reacted with ozone it forms an ozonide in the first step. In the second step the reduce to forms acetone and propanal.
ii. The structural formula of Y is and Z is
.
iii. Alkenes, upon catalytic hydrogenation, form alkanes. This will occur in the presence of Nickel as the catalyst.
iv. The process of ozonolysis is useful in the field of pharmaceutics.
v. The test of unsaturation can be performed by passing a compound through Bromine water.
<h3>What is ozonolysis?</h3>Ozonolysis is a reaction used in organic chemistry to determine the position of a carbon-carbon double bond in unsaturated compounds.
i. The given alkene X, that is subject to ozonolysis would be 2-methyl-2-pentene. Upon exposure to ozone, an ozonide is initially formed, after which it is broken down into 2 products - acetone and propanal, both with the molecular formula C₃H₆O.
The given compound X is 2-methyl pent-2-ene. When it is reacted with ozone it forms an ozonide in the first step. In the second step the reduce to forms acetone and propanal.
ii. The formulas of Y is and Z is
. They are functional isomers as they have the same molecular formula but different functional groups - ketone and aldehyde.
iii. When alkenes undergo catalytic hydrogenation, they form alkanes, X will form 2 methyl petane on reaction with hydrogen gas in presence of Ni.
iv. The ozonolysis is used for the industrial-scale synthesis of pharmaceuticals.
v. The unsaturation of compound X can be proved by the bromine water test. As on reaction with it, the brown colour of bromine water becomes colourless due to the formation of dibromo alkane.
Learn more about the ozonolysis here:
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Potassium oxide: K₂O.
There's no need for prefixes since K₂O is an ionic compound.
<h3>Explanation</h3>Find the two elements on a periodic table:
- Potassium- K- on the left end of period four.
- Oxygen- O- near the right end of periodic two.
Elements on the bottom-left corner of the periodic table are metals. Those on the top-right corner are nonmetals.
- Potassium is a metal,
- Oxygen is a nonmetal.
A metal and a nonmetal combine to form an ionic compound. Potassium oxide is likely to be an ionic compound. It contains two types of ions:
- Potassium ions: Potassium is group 1 of the periodic table. It is an alkaline metal. Like other alkaline metals such as sodium Na, potassium K tends to lose one electron and form ions of charge +1 in compounds. The ion would be K⁺.
- Oxide ions from oxygen: Oxygen is the second most electronegative element on the periodic table. It tends to gain two electrons and form the oxide ion
when it combines with metals.
The two types of ions carry opposite charges. They shall pair up at a certain ratio such that they balance the charge on each other. The charge on each ion is twice that on a
ion. Each
would pair up with two
. Hence the subscript in the formula:
.
There are two classes of compounds:
- Covalent compounds, which need prefixes, and
- Ionic compounds, which need no prefix.
Prefixes are needed only in covalent compounds. For instance in the covalent compound carbon dioxide , the prefix di- indicates that there are two oxygen atoms in the formula
. However, there's no need for prefix in ionic compounds such as
.