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scoundrel [369]
3 years ago
11

Which statements about isomers are true? Check all that apply. (6 pt) a) Enantiomers have the same molecular formula. b) Enantio

mers are not mirror images of each other that can be superimposed. c) In the ranking of functional groups, alcohols rank above carboxylic acids. d) The R-isomer of a molecule shows an optical rotation of -9°. Its enantiomer shows +9°. e) A molecule with three chiral centers can potentially have nine stereoisomers. f) Meso tartaric acid has the same melting point as its diastere
Chemistry
1 answer:
vlada-n [284]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

a) TRUE

b) FALSE

c) FALSE

d) TRUE

e) FALSE

f) FALSE

Explanation:

a) Enantiomers have the same molecular formula. TRUE. Because defintion of enantiomer is: One of the two molecules that are mirror images of each other and are non-superposable. To be mirror image must have the same molecular formula.

b) Enantiomers are not mirror images of each other that can be superimposed. FALSE. That is the negation of the enantiomer definition.

c) In the ranking of functional groups, alcohols rank above carboxylic acids. FALSE. In Cahn-Ingold-Prelog rules, carbon of carboxylic acid is bonded with two oxygens but in alcohols is bonded with just one oxygen.

d) The R-isomer of a molecule shows an optical rotation of -9°. Its enantiomer shows +9°. TRUE. One way to differentiate R- S-isomers is with optical rotation. The rotation of R-isomer will be the negative of S-isomer

e) A molecule with three chiral centers can potentially have nine stereoisomers. FALSE. The usual number of isomers is 2ⁿ where n is number of chiral centers. With three chiral centers number is stereoisomers is 8.

f) Meso tartaric acid has the same melting point as its diastere. FALSE. Diastereoisomers have different physical and chemical properties.

I hope it helps!

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a. The maximum volume of 0.143 M HCl required is 154.4 mL.

b. The maximum volume of 0.143 M HCl required is 135.7 mL.

Explanation:

a.

Al(OH)_3+3HCl\rightarrow AlCl_3+3H_2O

Mass of aluminum hydroxide = 350 mg =  0.350 g ( 1mg = 0.001 g)

Moles of aluminum hydroxide = \frac{0.350 g}{78 g/mol}=0.004487 mol

According to reaction ,3 moles of HCl neutralize 1 mole of aluminum hydroxide.Then 0.004487 mole of aluminum hydroxide will be neutralize by :

\frac{3}{1}\times 0.004487 mol=0.01346 mol of HCl.

Mg(OH)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCL_2+2H_2O

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Moles of magnesium hydroxide = \frac{0.250 g}{58 g/mol}=0.004310 mol

According to reaction ,2 moles of HCl neutralize 1 mole of magnesium hydroxide.Then 0.004310  mole of magnesium hydroxide will be neutralize by :

\frac{2}{1}\times 0.004310 mol=0.008621 mol of HCl.

Total moles of HCl required to neutralize both :

0.01346 mol + 0.008621 mol = 0.02208 mol

Molarity of the HCL solution = 0.143 M

Volume of the solution = V

Molarity=\frac{\text{Total moles of HCl}{\text{Volume in Liter}}

V=\frac{0.02208 mol}{0.143 M}=0.1544 L

1 L = 1000 mL

0.1544 L = 154.4 mL

The maximum volume of 0.143 M HCl required is 154.4 mL.

b.

CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2

Mass of calcium carbonate = 970mg =  0.970 g ( 1mg = 0.001 g)

Moles of calcium carbonate = \frac{0.970 g}{100 g/mol}=0.00970 mol

According to reaction ,2 moles of HCl neutralize 1 mole of calcium carbonate.Then 0.00970 mole of calcium carbonate will be neutralize by :

\frac{2}{1}\times 0.00970 mol=0.0194 mol of HCl.

Total moles of HCl required to neutralize calcium carbonate : 0.0194 mol

Molarity of the HCL solution = 0.143 M

Volume of the solution = V

Molarity=\frac{\text{Total moles of HCl}}{\text{Volume in Liter}}

V=\frac{0.0194 mol}{0.143 M}=0.1357 L

1 L = 1000 mL

0.1357 L = 135.7 mL

The maximum volume of 0.143 M HCl required is 135.7 mL.

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