Given,
The initial inside diameter of the pipe, d₁=4.50 cm=0.045 m
The initial speed of the water, v₁=12.5 m/s
The diameter of the pipe at a later position, d₂=6.25 cm=0.065 m
From the continuity equation,

Where A₁ is the area of the cross-section at the initial position, A₂ is the area of the cross-section of the pipe at a later position, and v₂ is the flow rate of the water at the later position.
On substituting the known values,

Thus, the flow rate of the water at the later position is 5.99 m/s
Answer:

Explanation:
Mass of a proton, 
Mass of an electron, 
The distance between the electron and the proton is, 
We need to find the mutual attractive gravitational force between the electron and proton. The gravitational force is given by :

Where G is the universal Gravitational constant

So, the force between the electron and proton is
.
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