You can determine the molar of an unknown solute from the boiling point elevation. When you do an experiment, add a certain known amount of the unknown compound to a solvent, say water. Then, determine the boiling point of the solution. The working equations would be the following:
Temp difference = Boiling pt of solution - Boiling point of pure solvent
Moles solute = (Temp difference)(Mass of solvent)/(Ebullioscopic constant of water)
Molar Mass = Mass of solute/Moles solute
The boiling point of water is 100°C,while the ebullioscopic constant is 0.512 °C/molal.
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Answer:
sp³d¹ hybridization
Explanation:
Given Cl as central element with three F substrates ...
The VSEPR structure indicates 5 hybrid orbitals that contain 2 diamagnetic orbitals (non-bonded e⁻-pairs) and 3 paramagnetic orbitals (single, non-paired electron for covalent bonding with fluorine) giving a trigonal bypyrimidal parent with a T-shaped geometry.
Valence bond theory predicts the following during bonding:
Cl:[Ne]3s²3p²p²p¹3d⁰
=> [Ne]3s²p²p¹p¹d¹
=> [Ne]3(sp³d)²(sp³d)²(sp³d)¹(sp³d)¹(sp³d)¹
giving 3 ( [Cl](sp³d) - [F]2p¹ ) sigma bonds and 2 non-bonded pairs on Cl.
Note the following images:
Non-bonded electron pairs are in plane of parent geometry and Fluorides covalently bonded to central element Chloride forming the T-shaped geometry.
Answer:
A. we can use sulfuric acid to prepare PbSO4