Answer:
a) The formal charge on N is 0 in both species.
Explanation:
The formal charge is calculated using the formular;
FC = V-N-B/2
Where;
V = Number of Valence electrons
N = number of nonbonding valence electrons
B = total number of electrons shared in bonds
In NO2-;
The formal charge of N is given as;
FC = 5 - 2 - 6/2
FC = 0
In HNO2
The formal charge of N is given as;
FC = 0
The correct option is;
a) The formal charge on N is 0 in both species.
In order to calculate the final temperature of the gas, we may apply Charles's law, which states that the pressure and temperature of a fixed amount of gas at constant volume are directly proportional. Mathematically:
P/T = constant
(absolute temperature is used, so T = 672 + 273 = 945 K)
Thus,
3.9 / 945 = 12.2 / T
T = 2,956 K or 2,683 °C
Answer:
1. 2.04 W/m²
2. 1.63°C
Explanation:
The radiative force that the Earth receives comes from the Sun. When the Sun rays come to the surface, some of them are absorbed and then it is reflected in the space. The greenhouse gases (like CO2) blocks some of these rays, and then the surface stays warm. The excessive amount of these gases makes the surface warmer, which unbalance the climate on Earth.
1. The variation of the radiative forcing can be calculated based on the concentration of the CO2 by the equation:
ΔF = 5.35*ln(C/C0)
Where C is the final concentration, and C0 is the initial concentration.
ΔF = 5.35*ln(410/280)
ΔF = 2.04 W/m²
2. The temperature change in the Earth's surface caused by the variation of the radiative forcing can be calculated by:
ΔT = 0.8*ΔF
ΔT = 0.8*2.04
ΔT = 1.63 K = 1.63°C
Key concepts
Density
Mass
Volume
Concentration
Buoyancy
Water
Answer:
Explanation:
percentage abundance of third isotope = 100 - ( 78.900 + 10.009)
= 11.091 %
Atomic mass
24.1687 x .789 + 25.4830 x .10009 + 24.305 x .11091
19.069 + 2.5506 + 2.69566
= 24.3153 amu
