Question

g Select the correct statements. I. Reduction is the loss of electrons, and oxidation is the gain of electrons II. Reduction is the gain of electrons, and oxidation is the loss of electrons III. The reactant that is reduced is also called the reducing agent, and the reactant that is oxidized is called the oxidizing agent. IV. The reactant that is oxidized is also called the reducing agent, and the reactant that is reduced is called the oxidizing agent. V. The sum of all the oxidation numbers in a compound is equal to the charge of that compound. A. I and III only B. II and IV only C. I, III, and V only D. II, IV, and V only E. V only

Answer 1

Answer: The correct answer is Option D.

Explanation:

Reduction reaction is defined as the reaction in which a substance gains electrons. Here, the oxidation state of the substance decreases.

$X^{n+}+ne^-\rightarrow X$

Oxidizing agents are the agents that helps in the oxidation of other substance and itself gets reduced. These agents undergoes reduction reactions.

Oxidation reaction is defined as the reaction in which a substance looses its electrons. Here, oxidation state of the substance increases.

$X\rightarrow X^{n+}+ne^-$

Reducing agents are the agents that helps in the reduction of the other substance and itself gets oxidized. These agents undergoes reduction reactions.

Oxidation state is the number which is given to an atom when it looses or gains electron. It is written as a superscript. In a compound, the total charge is equal to the sum of the charges of all atoms in that compound. For Example: In $MnO_4^-$, manganese has +7 oxidation number and oxygen has -2.

So, the charge on the compound = $[=7+(4\times (-2))]=-1$

Hence, the correct answer is Option D.