27.9+13+1.21 rounded to a significant figure
2 answers:
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Answer:
a) ΔV = 25.59 V, b) ΔV = 25.59 V, c) v = 7 10⁴ m / s, v/c= 2.33 10⁻⁴ ,
v/c% = 2.33 10⁻²
Explanation:
a) The speed they ask for electrons is much lower than the speed of light, so we don't need relativistic corrections, let's use the concepts of energy
starting point. Where the electrons come out
Em₀ = U = e DV
final point. Where they hit the target
Em_f = K = ½ m v2
energy is conserved
Em₀ = Em_f
e ΔV = ½ m v²
ΔV = mv²/e (1)
If the speed of light is c and this is 100% then 1% is
v = 1% c = c / 100
v = 3 10⁸/100 = 3 10⁶6 m/ s
let's calculate
ΔV =
ΔV = 25.59 V
b) Ask for the potential difference for protons with the same kinetic energy as electrons
K_p = ½ m v_e²
K_p = 9.1 10⁻³¹ (3 10⁶)²
K_p = 40.95 10⁻¹⁹ J
we substitute in equation 1
ΔV = Kp / M
ΔV = 40.95 10⁻¹⁹ / 1.6 10⁻¹⁹
ΔV = 25.59 V
notice that these protons go much slower than electrons because their mass is greater
c) The speed of the protons is
e ΔV = ½ M v²
v² = 2 e ΔV / M
v² =
v² = 49,035 10⁸
v = 7 10⁴ m / s
Relation
v/c =
v/c= 2.33 10⁻⁴
The goalkeeper at his goal cannot kick a soccer ball into the opponent’s goal without the ball touching the ground
Explanation:
Consider the vertical motion of ball,
We have equation of motion v = u + at
Initial velocity, u = u sin θ
Final velocity, v = 0 m/s
Acceleration = -g
Substituting
v = u + at
0 = u sin θ - g t
This is the time of flight.
Consider the horizontal motion of ball,
Initial velocity, u = u cos θ
Acceleration, a =0 m/s²
Time,
Substituting
s = ut + 0.5 at²
This is the range.
In this problem
u = 30 m/s
g = 9.81 m/s²
θ = 45° - For maximum range
Substituting
Maximum horizontal distance traveled by ball without touching ground is 45.87 m, which is less than 95 m.
So the goalkeeper at his goal cannot kick a soccer ball into the opponent’s goal without the ball touching the ground