Answer:
Plastic deformation, irreversible or permanent. Deformation mode in which the material does not return to its original shape after removing the applied load. This happens because, in plastic deformation, the material undergoes irreversible thermodynamic changes by acquiring greater elastic potential energy.
Elastic deformation, reversible or non-permanent. the body regains its original shape by removing the force that causes the deformation. In this type of deformation, the solid, by varying its tension state and increasing its internal energy in the form of elastic potential energy, only goes through reversible thermodynamic changes.
Answer: Isentropic process is the process in fluids which have a constant entropy.
Explanation: The isentropic process is considered as the ideal thermodynamical process and has both adiabatic as well as reversible processes in internal form.This process supports no transfer of heat and no transformation of matter .The entropy of the provided mass also remains unchanged or consistent.These processes are usually carried out on material on the efficient device.
Because of the skin depth effect, the current at high frequency tends to flow at very low depth from radius. Then at high frequency the effective cross section of the wire is narrower than at DC.
Fro example skin depth at 100 kHz is 0.206 mm (0.008”), a wire more thicker than AWG26 could be a waste of copper, better use a bunch of thin wire (Litz wire) to rise the Q factor.
Answer:
The rate of heat generation in the wire per unit volume is 5.79×10^7 Btu/hrft^3
Heat flux is 9.67×10^7 Btu/hrft^2
Explanation:
Rate of heat generation = 1000 W = 1000/0.29307 = 3412.15 Btu/hr
Area (A) = πD^2/4
Diameter (D) = 0.08 inches = 0.08 in × 3.2808 ft/39.37 in = 0.0067 ft
A = 3.142×0.0067^2/4 = 3.53×10^-5 ft^2
Volume (V) = A × Length
L = 20 inches = 20 in × 3.2808 ft/39.37 in = 1.67 ft
V = 3.53×10^-5 × 1.67 = 5.8951×10^-5 ft^3
Rate of heat generation in the wire per unit volume = 3412.15 Btu/hr ÷ 5.8951×10^-5 ft^3 = 5.79×10^7 Btu/hrft^3
Heat flux = 3412.15 Btu/hr ÷ 3.53×10^-5 ft^2 = 9.67×10^7 Btu/hrft^2
