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Zanzabum
4 years ago
11

Tidal forces are gravitational forces exerted on different parts of a object by a second object. Their effects are particularly

visible on Earth's surface in the form of tides. To understand the origin of tidal forces, consider Earth-Moon system to consist of two spherical bodies, each with a spherical mass distribution. Let RE be the radius of Earth, m be the mass of the Moon, and G be the gravitational constant.
1) Earth is subject not only to the gravitational force of the Moon but also to the gravitational pull of the Sun. However, Earth is much farther away from the Sun than it is from the Moon. In fact, the center of Earth is at an average distance of 1.5×1011m from the center of the Sun. Given that the mass of the Sun is 1.99×1030kg, which of the following statements is correct?

A) The force exerted on Earth by the Sun is weaker than the corresponding force exerted by the Moon.
B) The force exerted on Earth by the Sun is stronger than the corresponding force exerted by the Moon.
C) The force exerted on Earth by the Sun is of the same order of magnitude of the corresponding force exerted by the Moon.

2) The occurrence of tidal forces on Earth's surface is not limited to the gravitational effects of the Moon. Tidal forces are produced every time different parts of a object are subject to different gravitational forces exerted by a second object. Therefore, tidal forces due to the gravitational effects of the Sun are also present on Earth's surface. What can you conclude about the relative effects of these two tidal forces on Earth's surface?

A) The Moon exerts a stronger tidal force on Earth than the Sun does.
B) The Sun exerts a stronger tidal force on Earth than the Moon does.
C) The Moon and the Sun cause tidal forces of equal magnitude.
Physics
1 answer:
Elden [556K]4 years ago
8 0

Answer:

1.

B) The force exerted on Earth by the Sun is stronger than the corresponding force exerted by the Moon.

Explanation:

Gravitational force is proportional to the products of the masses of the bodies and inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart.

2.

A) The Moon exerts a stronger tidal force on Earth than the Sun does

Explanation:

the Moon produces a greater tidal force on the Earth than the Sun, even though the Sun exerts a greater gravitational attraction on the earth than that exerted b the moon on the earth.

The Sun's gravitational pull on the Earth is about 175 times stronger when compared to that exerted by the Moon but has a much smaller effect on the tides. This is due to the inverse square law. The Earth's diameter is a tiny fraction of the total distance between the Sun and Earth which means that the difference in gravitational force across the Earth varies by a very small amount. On the other hand, the Moon is much closer than the Sun, thus the difference in gravitational force from the Moon across the Earth is much greater. The Sun has approximately only 44% of tidal influence than that of the Moon.

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A pilot heads her jet due east. The jet has a speed of 425 mi/h relative to the air (in other words, if the air were still, the
Elza [17]

Answer:

The resultant velocity of the jet as a vector in component form 426.87 mi/hr 5.36 degrees North.

Explanation:

Vectors are quantities that have their magnitude and direction .

Sketching out the problem given, by using straight lines to represent each of the vectors, we will have a right angled triangle as shown below.

The solution can be obtained by applying Pythagoras theorem to

resolve the vectors.

Velocity of jet plane = 425 mi/hr

velocity of air = 40 mi/hr

Resultant of the vectors =\sqrt[]{425^{2}+40^{2}}=426.87 mi/hr

Vector direction =tan^{-1}(\frac{40}{425})= 5.36 degrees

hence the velocity is 426.87 mi/hr in a direction 5.36 degrees inclined Northward

5 0
3 years ago
After an afternoon party, a small cooler full of ice is dumped onto the hot ground and melts. If the cooler contained 5.50 kg of
zysi [14]

Answer:

Q = 4.40 \times 10^5 Cal

Explanation:

Here we know that initial temperature of ice is given as

T = 0^o C

now the latent heat of ice is given as

L = 80 Cal/g

now we also know that the mass of ice is

m = 5.50 kg

so here we know that heat required to change the phase of the ice is given as

Q = mL

Q = (5.50 \times 10^3)(80)

Q = 4.40 \times 10^5 Cal

3 0
4 years ago
Which characteristic should a good scientific question have? A) It should lead to a hypothesis that is not testable. B) it shoul
yarga [219]

Answer:

B. IT should have a very broad focus with many variables.

4 0
3 years ago
Suppose the rocket in the Example was initially on a circular orbit around Earth with a period of 1.6 days. Hint (a) What is its
ruslelena [56]

Answer:

a

The orbital speed is v= 2.6*10^{3} m/s

b

The escape velocity of the rocket is  v_e= 3.72 *10^3 m/s

Explanation:

Generally angular velocity is mathematically represented as

            w = \frac{2 \pi}{T}

Where T is the period which is given as 1.6 days = 1.6 *24 *60*60 = 138240 sec

       Substituting the value

         w = \frac{2 \pi}{138240}

             = 4.54*10^ {-5} rad /sec

At the point when the rocket is on a circular orbit  

   The gravitational force =  centripetal force and this can be mathematically represented as

              \frac{GMm}{r^2} = mr w^2

Where  G is the universal gravitational constant with a value  G = 6.67*10^{-11}

            M is the mass of the earth with a constant value of M = 5.98*10^{24}kg

            r is the distance between earth and circular orbit where the rocke is found

               Making r the subject

                     r = \sqrt[3]{\frac{GM}{w^2} }

                        = \sqrt[3]{\frac{6.67*10^{-11} * 5.98*10^{24}}{(4.45*10^{-5})^2} }

                        = 5.78 *10^7 m

The orbital speed is represented mathematically as

                   v=wr

Substituting value

                  v= (5.78*10^7)(4.54*10^{-5})

                     v= 2.6*10^{3} m/s    

The escape velocity is mathematically represented as

                            v_e = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{r} }

Substituting values

                             = \sqrt{\frac{2(6.67*10^{-11})(5.98*10^{24})}{5.78*10^7} }

                             v_e= 3.72 *10^3 m/s

7 0
4 years ago
a cement block accidentally falls from rest from the ledge of a 80.6-m-high building. When the block is 10.8 m above the ground,
fomenos

Answer:

0.229 seconds

Explanation:

Given:

y₀ = 80.6 m

v₀ = 0 m/s

a = -9.8 m/s²

We need to find the difference in times when y = 10.8 m and y = 2.10 m.

When y = 10.8 m:

y = y₀ + v₀ t + ½ at²

10.8 = 80.6 + (0) t + ½ (-9.8) t²

10.8 = 80.6 − 4.9 t²

4.9 t² = 69.8

t = 3.774

When y = 2.10 m:

y = y₀ + v₀ t + ½ at²

2.10 = 80.6 + (0) t + ½ (-9.8) t²

2.10 = 80.6 − 4.9 t²

4.9 t² = 78.5

t = 4.003

The difference is:

4.003 − 3.774 = 0.229

The man has 0.229 seconds to get out of the way.

5 0
4 years ago
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