a. 
The equivalent resistance of a series combination of two resistors is equal to the sum of the individual resistances:

In this circuit, we have

Therefore, the equivalent resistance is

b. 5.8 V, 3.2 V
First of all, we need to determine the current flowing through each resistor, which is given by Ohm's law:

where V = 9.00 V and
. Substituting,

Now we can calculate the potential difference across each resistor by using Ohm's law again:


The next scientific step is to collect data to test her Hypothesis.
Atoms are made of neutrons, electrons and a proton.
Its a tightly-packed particles gain energy, allowing them to move more freely.
I observe two phenomena:
Obs-1: I don't have the materials here to perform this experiment.
Obs-2: You have not done the assigned experiment, and you apparently have no intention of doing it.