Well the first difference is that PMS is mostly a psychological and somewhat physical syndrome. The proof is that the symptoms of PMS are irritability, stress and dysphoria. There is of course a lot of other symptoms like anxiety, insomnia, headache, fatigue, mood swings, and increased emotional sensitivity. The cause of PMS are the changes in levels of estrogen and progesterone. Now, menstrual cramps are physical condition. The symptom is pain in lower abdomen. And the cause is the menstruation itself. So there you have the differences. PMS as its own name says (Premenstrual syndrome) occurs before menstruation, more accurately 5 - 10 days before menstruation which is luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Menstrual cramps can occur several days before menstruation or can occur when menstruation starts, and they slowly disappear as menstruation slowly ends
My biology is a little rusty but I think the answer is A
The neurotransmitter that may have been affected is the
dopamine as this is the one responsible for the motor control in regards of the
individual’s voluntary movements and that causes Jan to engage of trembling and
twitching because her dopamine has been affected.
Answer:
The functions of the skeletal muscles are affected by the CNS via the two sets of neurons, that is, lower motor neuron and upper motor neurons. The PNS comprises sensory neurons and motor neurons. The lower motor neuron is monitored by the upper motor neuron.
Hyporeflexia occurs because of the dysfunction of the lower motor neuron or its lesion. The lower motor neurons refer to the neurons, which innervate the skeletal muscles directly. Destruction to the central nervous system leads to hyper reflexes and destruction to the peripheral nervous system results in hyporeflexia.
