Scientific laws are statements of facts produced after observed events of nature. There are usually no exceptions to how the outcome of these events unravels. Laws explain HOW nature works.
Explanation:
ON THE OTHER HAND, Theories are usually blanket principles, usually overarching, on how nature has been observed to work. Theories can evolve over time as more information is discovered, but laws are more or less static. Theories explain WHY we see nature to behave in a certain way.
In the case of this question it is scientific law that if a fluid is heated, it becomes less dense as its temperature rises.
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Hello I think some details of the question are missing. However, I believe you are referring to a bob following some circular path. Therefore, the answer is "no": in fact, the centripetal force is equal on the earth and on the moon.
Keep in mind that the centripetal force is given by where m is the mass, v the tangential velocity and r the radius of the circular motion. The mass m of the bob is the same on the earth and on the moon, so the centripetal force is the same.
Atmospheric pressure affects aerodynamic drag, lower pressure means less drag. At the altitude of Denver the air has lower pressure, this allows baseball players to hit balls further away.
Another aerodynamic effect is the Magnus effect. This effect causes spinning objects to curve their flightpath, which is what curveball pitchers do. A lower atmospheric pressure decreases the curving of the ball's trajectory.