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lakkis [162]
3 years ago
13

Draw the conjugate base for the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base reaction that occurs when the following acid reacts with water. Show al

l unshared electron pairs and formal charges.(a) HCl(b) HBr(c) CH3COOH

Chemistry
2 answers:
DanielleElmas [232]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

The structures are shown below.

Explanation:

When the acid reacts with water, it loses one proton (H⁺) and forms a base, which is the conjugate base of its acid.

The formal charge of an atom can be calculated by:

FC = X - (Y + Z/2)

Where X is the valence electrons of the neutral atom, Y is the unshared electrons, and Z is the shared electrons in the molecule.

a) When HCl deprotonates, it forms Cl⁻ as the conjugate base. The neutral atom Cl has 7 valence electrons (X), the ion has 8 unshared electrons (Y) and none shared electrons, so FC = -1 The structure is shown below in figure a.

b) When Hbr deprotonates it forms Br- as the conjugate base. The neutral atom has 7 valence electrons (X), the ion has 8 unshared electrons (Y) and none shared electrons, so FC = -1. The structure is shown below in figure b.

c) When CH3COOH loses a proton, it forms the conjugate base CH3COO⁻. The carbon as 4 valence electrons, hydrogen has 1 valence electron and oxygen has 6 valence electrons. The first carbon make simple bonds with each hydrogen and with the second carbon, and so, all the electrons are shared, and it has FC = 4 - (0 + 8/2) = 0, as so the hydrogens have FC = 1 - (0 + 2/2) = 0.

The second carbon does 1 simple bond with the first carbon, a double bond with one oxygen, and a simple bond with the other oxygen, and so doesn't have unshared electrons, and FC = 4 - (0 + 8/2) = 0.

The first oxygen does a double bond with the carbon, and so it has 4 unshared electrons, so FC = 6 - (4 + 4/2) = 0. The second oxygen does a simple bond with the carbon, and so has 5 unshared electrons, so FC = 6 - (5 + 2/2) = 0.

The structure is shown in figure c.

Over [174]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

Explanation:

A conjugate acid can release or donate a proton. A conjugate base is the name given to the species that remains after the acid has donated its proton. The conjugate base can accept a proton.

A. HCl acid  Cl conjugate base

B. HBr acid  Br conjugate base

C.  CH3COOH acid  CH3COO conjugate base

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