Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that together have laid the foundation for classical mechanics. They describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to said forces. Can be summarized as:
1) First law: When viewed in in inertial sense, an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by an external force. For example, a bike once set into motion does not stop without the application of friction forces. 2) Second law: F = ma. The vector sum of the forces F on an object is equal to the mass m of that object multiplied by the acceleration vector a of the object. 3) Third law: When one body exerts a force on a second body, the second body simultaneously exerts a force equal in magnitude and opposite in direction on the first body.
The Law of Conservation of Energy states that, in an isolated system, energy remains constant and can not be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another. This law was created by Julius Robert Mayer.
