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3 years ago

What are the horizontal and vertical components of a lizard’s displacement if it has climbed 7m directly up a tree?

Physics

1 answer:

madam [21]3 years ago

7 0

Answer:

The horizontal component is zero.

The vertical component is $7\sin\theta$

Explanation:

Given that,

The lizard climb 7m directly up on a tree.

We know that,

The horizontal component is

$x=\cos\theta$

The vertical component is

$y=\sin\theta$

If the lizard climb 7m directly up on a tree then,

We need to find the components

Using given data

The horizontal component of lizard is

$x=0$

The vertical component is

$y=7\sin\theta$

Hence, The horizontal component is zero.

The vertical component is $7\sin\theta$

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Sphere A of mass 0.600 kg is initially moving to the right at 4.00 m/s. sphere B, of mass 1.80 kg is initially to the right of s

anzhelika [568]

A) The velocity of sphere A after the collision is 1.00 m/s to the right

B) The collision is elastic

C) The velocity of sphere C is 2.68 m/s at a direction of $-5.2^{\circ}$

D) The impulse exerted on C is 4.29 kg m/s at a direction of $-5.2^{\circ}$

E) The collision is inelastic

F) The velocity of the center of mass of the system is 4.00 m/s to the right

Explanation:

We can solve this part by using the principle of conservation of momentum. The total momentum of the system must be conserved before and after the collision:

$p_i = p_f\\m_A u_A + m_B u_B = m_A v_A + m_B v_B$

$m_A = 0.600 kg$ is the mass of sphere A

$u_A = 4.00 m/s$ is the initial velocity of the sphere A (taking the right as positive direction)

$v_A$ is the final velocity of sphere A

$m_B = 1.80 kg$ is the mass of sphere B

$u_B = 2.00 m/s$ is the initial velocity of the sphere B

$v_B = 3.00 m/s$ is the final velocity of the sphere B

Solving for vA:

$v_A = \frac{m_A u_A + m_B u_B - m_B v_B}{m_A}=\frac{(0.600)(4.00)+(1.80)(2.00)-(1.80)(3.00)}{0.600}=1.00 m/s$

The sign is positive, so the direction is to the right.

To verify if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

Before the collision:

$K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_A u_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 =\frac{1}{2}(0.600)(4.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(2.00)^2=8.4 J$

After the collision:

$K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_A v_A^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(0.600)(1.00)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.4 J$

The total kinetic energy is conserved: therefore, the collision is elastic.

Now we analyze the collision between sphere B and C. Again, we apply the law of conservation of momentum, but in two dimensions: so, the total momentum must be conserved both on the x- and on the y- direction.

Taking the initial direction of sphere B as positive x-direction, the total momentum before the collision along the x-axis is:

$p_x = m_B v_B = (1.80)(3.00)=5.40 kg m/s$

While the total momentum along the y-axis is zero:

$p_y = 0$

We can now write the equations of conservation of momentum along the two directions as follows:

$p_x = p'_{Bx} + p'_{Cx}\\0 = p'_{By} + p'_{Cy}$ (1)

We also know the components of the momentum of B after the collision:

$p'_{Bx}=(1.20)(cos 19)=1.13 kg m/s\\p'_{By}=(1.20)(sin 19)=0.39 kg m/s$

So substituting into (1), we find the components of the momentum of C after the collision:

$p'_{Cx}=p_B - p'_{Bx}=5.40 - 1.13=4.27 kg m/s\\p'_{Cy}=p_C - p'_{Cy}=0-0.39 = -0.39 kg m/s$

So the magnitude of the momentum of C is

$p'_C = \sqrt{p_{Cx}^2+p_{Cy}^2}=\sqrt{4.27^2+(-0.39)^2}=4.29 kg m/s$

Dividing by the mass of C (1.60 kg), we find the magnitude of the velocity:

$v_c = \frac{p_C}{m_C}=\frac{4.29}{1.60}=2.68 m/s$

And the direction is

$\theta=tan^{-1}(\frac{p_y}{p_x})=tan^{-1}(\frac{-0.39}{4.27})=-5.2^{\circ}$

The impulse imparted by B to C is equal to the change in momentum of C.

The initial momentum of C is zero, since it was at rest:

$p_C = 0$

While the final momentum is:

$p'_C = 4.29 kg m/s$

So the magnitude of the impulse exerted on C is

$I=p'_C - p_C = 4.29 - 0 = 4.29 kg m/s$

And the direction is the angle between the direction of the final momentum and the direction of the initial momentum: since the initial momentum is zero, the angle is simply equal to the angle of the final momentum, therefore $-5.2^{\circ}$ .

To check if the collision is elastic, we have to check if the total kinetic energy is conserved or not.

The total kinetic energy before the collision is just the kinetic energy of B, since C was at rest:

$K_i = \frac{1}{2}m_B u_B^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(3.00)^2=8.1 J$

The total kinetic energy after the collision is the sum of the kinetic energies of B and C:

$K_f = \frac{1}{2}m_B v_B^2 + \frac{1}{2}m_C v_C^2 = \frac{1}{2}(1.80)(1.20)^2 + \frac{1}{2}(1.60)(2.68)^2=7.0 J$

Since the total kinetic energy is not conserved, the collision is inelastic.

Here we notice that the system is isolated: so there are no external forces acting on the system, and this means the system has no acceleration, according to Newton's second law:

$F=Ma$

Since F = 0, then a = 0, and so the center of mass of the system moves at constant velocity.

Therefore, the centre of mass after the 2nd collision must be equal to the velocity of the centre of mass before the 1st collision: which is the velocity of the sphere A before the 1st collision (because the other 2 spheres were at rest), so it is simply 4.00 m/s to the right.

Learn more about momentum and collisions:

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8 0

3 years ago

A bullet is fired horizontally at a height of 1.3 meters and a velocity of 950 m/s. How long was the bullet in the air?

seropon [69]

Answer:

<em>The bullet was 0.52 seconds in the air.</em>

Explanation:

<u>Horizontal Motion </u>

It occurs when an object is thrown horizontally with a speed v from a height h.

The object describes a curved path ruled exclusively by gravity until it hits the ground.

To calculate the time the object takes to hit the ground, we use the following equation:

$\displaystyle t=\sqrt{\frac{2y}{g}}$

Note it doesn't depend on the initial velocity but on the height.

The bullet is fired horizontally at h=1.3 m, thus:

$\displaystyle t=\sqrt{\frac{2\cdot 1.3}{9.8}}$

$\displaystyle t=\sqrt{\frac{2.6}{9.8}}$

t = 0.52 s

The bullet was 0.52 seconds in the air.

3 0

3 years ago

How fast is an object moving if it has 10000J of kinetic energy and a mass of 5kg

nignag [31]

Answer:

this is for the ppl who delete my answer

suck 8--

Explanation:

4 0

3 years ago

The subfield of anthropology that describes, analyzes, interprets, and explains social and cultural similarities and differences

Makovka662 [10]

Answer:

cultural

Explanation:

Cultural anthropology studies the characteristics of the behavior learned in human societies, that is, science of human culture. In general, it is the science that studies the origin, development, structure, characteristics and variations of human culture in both past and present societies. Ethnography, ethnology, archeology, linguistics and physical anthropology are the disciplines on which cultural anthropology is founded.

6 0

3 years ago

A package is pushed across the floor a distance of 90 feet by exerting a force of 32 lbs downward at an angle of 24 ∘ with the h

Crazy boy [7]

Answer:

2632 foot-pound

Explanation:

Work done: Work is said to be done when ever a force moves a body through a given distance. The S.I unit of force is Newton (N).

From the question,

The expression for work done is given as,

W = Fdcos∅......................... Equation 1

Where W = work done, F = force, d = distance, ∅ = angle between the force and the horizontal.

Given: F = 32 lbs, d = 90 feet, ∅ = 24°

substitute into equation 1

W = 32×90×cos24

W = 2880(0.914)

W = 2632.32

W = 2632 foot-pound

4 0

3 years ago