Answer:
A. observing
Explanation:
There are various steps that are involved in a scientific investigation. Observation is the first step of the scientific investigation. In this step, a close examination is laid on the investigation. Observation is collected with the senses and the information is gathered.
In the given excerpt, Clive missed the observation part of the scientific investigation. All the other three steps were followed by Clive. He was not able to observe the situation and so was not able to provide the answers to the questions asked by his classmates.
The scientific study of the origin, history, structure, and composition of the earth.
<h2>Hey There!</h2><h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>Answer:</h2>
<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>CALORIMETER:</h2>
Calorimeter is device used for the measurement of heat. In a calorimeter we can use the temperature change of water to quantify an amount of heat. A calorimeter just captures all the energy released (or absorbed) by a reaction in the water. So Option A and B are wrong as calorimeter don't have anything to do with providing the heat or letting the the heat in, as it is the insulated calorimeter too.
<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>Energy in the reaction:</h2>
In the formation of any bond there is equal amount of heat required as to break that bond. It means Energy released in the making of bond is equal to the energy required in the breaking of the bond. So Option D is wrong as it says we need more energy in making then breaking.
<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>Enthalpy:</h2>
Enthalpy is the total heat content of the system. As we provide energy to the reactants and the product is formed, so The enthalpy(heat content) of product is more than the Enthalpy of the reactant, Thus Option C is correct.
Enthalpy is denoted by H or Q, its formula is,
H = U + PV
Where,
U is internal energy
PV is equals to Work done ; P = Pressure, V = Volume
<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>Best Regards,</h2><h2>'Borz'</h2><h2> </h2>
Answer: Significant figures in a measurement are all measured digits, and one estimated digit
Significant figures communicate the level of precision in measurements Significant figures are an indicator of the certainty in measurements.
Explanation:
Significant figures : The figures in a number which express the value or the magnitude of a quantity to a specific degree of accuracy or precision is known as significant digits.
The significant figures of a measured quantity are defined as all the digits known with certainty and the first uncertain or estimated digit.
Rules for significant figures:
1. Digits from 1 to 9 are always significant and have infinite number of significant figures.
2. All non-zero numbers are always significant.
3. All zero’s between integers are always significant.
4. All zero’s preceding the first integers are never significant.
5. All zero’s after the decimal point are always significant.
Answer:
Reaction mechanism has been given below
Explanation:
- Propanoyl chloride contains an electrophilic carbonyl center to give nucleophilic acyl substitution reaction by removing Cl group with a strong nucleophile like methylmagnesium bromide.
- Two equivalent of methyl magnesium bromide react with cabonyl center followed by protonation of negatively charged oxygen atom gives 2-methyl-2-butanol.
- In the first step, nucleophilic acyl substituion occurs. In the second step, nucleophilic addition occurs. In the third step, protonation occurs.
- Reaction mechanism has been shown below.