I believe this is what you have to do:
The force between a mass M and a point mass m is represented by
So lets compare it to the original force before it doubles, it would just be the exact formula so lets call that F₁
So F₁ = G(Mm/r^2)
Now the distance has doubled so lets account for this in F₂:
F₂ = G(Mm/(2r)^2)
Now square the 2 that gives you four and we can pull that out in front to give
F₂ = G(Mm/r^2)
Now we can replace G(Mm/r^2) with F₁ as that is the value of the force before alterations
now we see that:
F₂ = F₁
So the second force will be 0.25 (1/4) x 1600 or 400 N.
Not totally sure but i would say a normal? its not refraction or incidence if its perpendicular and i dont think its a mirror if its an imaginary line so yeah normal (normals are always perpendicular to their surface too i think so)
If you soak this egg shell in vinegar (which is about 4% acetic acid), you start a chemical reaction that dissolves the calcium carbonate shell. The acetic acid reacts with the calcium carbonate in the egg shell and releases carbon dioxide gas that you see as bubbles on the shell.
v is velocity, x is position, t is time, and a is acceleration.
We because it is really important that we recognize how we are feeling to make important decisions in life