<span>7.7 m/s
First, determine the acceleration you subject the sled to. You have a mass of 15 kg being subjected to a force of 180 N, so
180 N / 15 kg = 180 (kg m)/s^2 / 15 kg = 12 m/s^2
Now determine how long you pushed it. For constant acceleration the equation is
d = 0.5 A T^2
Substitute the known values getting,
2.5 m = 0.5 12 m/s^2 T^2
2.5 m = 6 m/s^2 T^2
Solve for T
2.5 m = 6 m/s^2 T^2
0.41667 s^2 = T^2
0.645497224 s = T
Now to get the velocity, multiply the time by the acceleration, giving
0.645497224 s * 12 m/s^2 = 7.745966692 m/s
After rounding to 2 significant figures, you get 7.7 m/s</span>
The answer is 294j by puting it in kinetic energy formula.
For the cement bag we can say as per its force diagram we will have

here we will have


now we will have

now plug in all data


so the pulling force will be 295 N