Answer:

Explanation:
Additional information:
<em>The ball has charge </em>
<em>, and the ring has positive charge </em>
<em> distributed uniformly along its circumference. </em>
The electric field at distance
along the z-axis due to the charged ring is

Therefore, the force on the ball with charge
is


and according to Newton's second law

substituting
we get:

rearranging we get:

Now we use the approximation that
<em>(we use this approximation instead of the original </em>
<em> since </em>
<em>, our assumption still holds )</em>
and get


Now the last equation looks like a Simple Harmonic Equation

where

is the frequency of oscillation. Applying this to our equation we get:


Whenever these are an alarming due to a foreign antigen, the Helper T cells, Memory T cells, and Cytotoxic T cells are being produced. Helper T cells to recognize the specific foreign antigen that is entering the body, Memory T cells to remember the specific foreign antigen that is attacking, and Cytotoxic T cells that are for the destruction of the foreign cells and produce cytokines to attract macrophages
Answer:
The entropy change is 45.2 kJ/K.
Explanation:
mass of water at 100 C = 2 kg
Latent heat of vaporization, L = 2260 kJ/kg
Heat is
H = m L
H = 2 x 2260 = 4520 kJ
Entropy is given by
S = H/T = 4520/100 = 45.2 kJ/K
Average speed = (total distance covered) / (time to cover the distance)
Total distance = 69 km + 51 km = 120 km
Total time = 3 hrs + 2 hrs = 5 hrs
Average speed = (120 km) / (5 hrs) = 24 km/hr