To get x on its own, you times the 8 over so the 8 cancels each other out on the LHS.
~ x > 32
(D)
1. Biogeography
2. The fossil record
3. Embryology
4. Genetics
5. Observable evolution on small timescales
Chewed food mixed with saliva is called a Bolus, which is swallowed once mastication is complete. Bolus is the food that has been chewed and mixed in the mouth with saliva. Chewing helps to reduce food particles to a size readily swallowed; saliva adds digestive enzymes, water, and mucus that help chemically to reduce food particles, hydrate them for taste, and lubricate them for swallowing.
All humans have 46 chromosomes, 23 derived from either biological parent who has their own set.
Sex chromosomes make gene passing possible through creating offspring.