(a) The speed of light in the unknown substance is determined 1.82 x 10⁸ m/s.
(b) The light will bend away from the normal since speed of light in air is not equal to speed of light in the substance.
<h3>What is the speed of light?</h3>
The speed of light passing from air into the substance is calculated as follows;
refractive index = speed of light in air / speed of light in the substance
speed of light in the substance = speed of light in air/refractive index
speed of light in the substance = (3 x 10⁸) / (1.65)
speed of light in the substance = 1.82 x 10⁸ m/s
Thus, the light will bend away from the normal since speed of light in air is not equal to speed of light in the substance.
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The combustion reaction of octane is as follow,
C₈H₁₈ + 25/2 O₂ → 8 CO₂ + 9 H₂O
According to balance equation,
8 moles of CO₂ are released when = 114.23 g (1 mole) Octane is reacted
So,
6.20 moles of CO₂ will release when = X g of Octane is reacted
Solving for X,
X = (114.23 g × 6.20 mol) ÷ 8 mol
X = 88.52 g of Octane
Result:
88.52 g of Octane is needed to release 6.20 mol CO₂.
Soil composition refers to the nutrients and various other substances present in the soil. These are categorized into four basic categories: water, air, organic matter and minerals.