All categories

3 years ago

Which statement best explains how electrons form a covalent bond in a molecule?

Chemistry

2 answers:

yKpoI14uk [10]3 years ago

5 0

Answer:

covalent bond, also called a molecular bond, is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms

the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the equivalent of a full outer shell, corresponding to a stable electronic configuration.

Explanation:

Phantasy [73]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

B. A pair of electrons belongs to two atoms at the same time

Explanation:

Covalent bonding occurs between two unstable elements through sharing of pair of electrons. During bonding, two elements combines and shares a pair of electron to form a molecule. This electron completes both elements outermost shell and thereby forming a compound. Example of a compound that forms covalent bonding is sodium chloride (NaCl).

Sodium which is a group1 element possesses just one electron in its outer shell while chlorine, a group 7 element possess 7 valence electrons in its outermost shell making them unstable. Sodium acts as a donor by donating its lone pair of electron to chlorine thereby becoming a positively charged element while chlorine accepts this line pair of electron to completes its outermost shell making it stable and becoming negatively charged particle (being the acceptor). This bonding between this atoms if different elements is what is called covalent bonding.

You might be interested in

A 0.04328 g sample of gas occupies 10.0-mL at 294.0 K and 1.10 atm. Upon further analysis, the compound is found to be 25.305% C

stepan [7]

Answer:

The molecular formula of the gas sample = $C_2Cl_2$

Lewis structure is shown in the image below.

The geometry around each carbon atom is linear.

Explanation:

Given that:

Temperature = 294.0 K

V = 10.0 mL = 0.01 L ( 1 mL = 0.001 L )

Pressure = 1.10 atm

Using ideal gas equation as:

$PV=nRT$

where,

P is the pressure

V is the volume

n is the number of moles

T is the temperature

R is Gas constant having value = 0.0821 L atm/ K mol

Applying the equation as:

1.10 atm × 0.01 L = n ×0.0821 L atm/ K mol × 294.0 K

⇒n = 0.0004557 mol

Given, mass = 0.04328 g

The formula for the calculation of moles is shown below:

$moles = \frac{Mass\ taken}{Molar\ mass}$

Thus,

$0.0004557\ mole= \frac{0.04328\ g}{Molar\ mass}$

Molar mass of the gas sample = 94.9747 g/mol

Given that:-

% of C = 25.305

Molar mass of C = 12.0107 g/mol

% moles of C = 25.305 / 12.0107 = 2.1069

% of Cl = 74.695

Molar mass of Cl = 35.453 g/mol

% moles of Cl = 74.695 / 35.453 = 2.1069

Taking the simplest ratio for C and Cl as:

2.1069 : 2.1069 = 1 : 1

The empirical formula is = $CCl$

Molecular formulas is the actual number of atoms of each element in the compound while empirical formulas is the simplest or reduced ratio of the elements in the compound.

Thus,

Molecular mass = n × Empirical mass

Where, n is any positive number from 1, 2, 3...

Mass from the Empirical formula = 12 + 35.5 = 47.5 g/mol

Molar mass = 94.9747 g/mol

So,

Molecular mass = n × Empirical mass

94.9747 = n × 47.5

⇒ n = 2

The molecular formula of the gas sample = $C_2Cl_2$

Also,

Valence electrons of carbon = 4

Valence electrons of Chlorine = 7

The total number of the valence electrons = 4*2 + 7*2 = 22

The Lewis structure is drawn in such a way that the octet of each atom in the molecule is complete. So,

The Lewis structure is shown in the image below.

According to the theory, the atoms will form a geometry in such a way that there is minimum repulsion and maximum stability. The carbon atoms are sp hybridized.

So, it is of linear shape.