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love history [14]
3 years ago
7

An exponent of "2" means that if we double the concentration of the reactant the rate doubles as well Exponents in rate laws are

based on the coefficients from the balanced equation The rate constant, k, takes into account the effect of activation energy and temperature on the reaction Differential rate laws allow us to compare concentration and time.
a. True
b. False
Chemistry
1 answer:
Karo-lina-s [1.5K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

- False.

- False.

- True.

- True.

Explanation:

Hello, for each statement we state:

- An exponent of "2" means that if we double the concentration of the reactant the rate doubles as well.

FALSE because considering a rate law like:

-r=kC^2

The exponent of "2" powers the concentration to the second power, not doubles the rate law, thus, if C is 3, for k=1, r will be -9. On the other hand if the rate is like:

-r=kC

The rate will be -3, that is why the rate is not doubled when the "2" in concentration is present.

- Exponents in rate laws are based on the coefficients from the balanced equation.

FALSE because for nonelemental chemical reactions, the exponents do not match with each species' stoichiometric coefficients in the rate law.

- The rate constant, k, takes into account the effect of activation energy and temperature on the reaction.

TRUE, since the Arrhenius equation allows us to prove the effect of the activation energy and the temperature:

k=Aexp(-\frac{Ea}{RT})

- Differential rate laws allow us to compare concentration and time.

TRUE as they are given like:

\frac{1}{\nu _A} \frac{dC_A}{dt} =\frac{1}{\nu _B} \frac{dC_B}{dt} =...

Best regards.

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Two 10g blocks, one of copper and one of iron, were heated from 300 K to 400K (a temperature difference of 100 K).
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1) 385 J

2) 450 J

Explanation:

1)

The amount of energy that must be absorbed by a certain substance in order to increase its temperature by \Delta T is given by the equation:

Q=mC\Delta T

where

m is the mass of the substance

C is its specific heat capacity

\Delta T is the increase in temperature of the substance

For the block of copper in this problem, we have:

m = 10 g is the mass

C=0.385 J/gK is the specific heat capacity of copper

\Delta T=400-300 = 100 K is the change in temperature

So, the energy absorbed by the block of copper is

Q=(10)(0.385)(100)=385 J

2)

Similarly for the block of iron, the energy absorbed by the iron is given by

Q=mC\Delta T

where

m is the mass of the block of iron

C is its specific heat capacity of iron

\Delta T is the increase in temperature of the block

Here we have:

m = 10 g is the mass of the block

C=0.450 J/gK is the specific heat capacity of iron

\Delta T=400-300 = 100 K is the change in temperature

So, the energy absorbed by the block of iron is

Q=(10)(0.450)(100)=450 J

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Hydrocarbons are non polar in nature due to less difference between the electronegativities of carbon and hydrogen and thus are soluble in non polar solvents only.

Ionic compounds which are formed by elements with high electronegativity difference are polar in nature and thus dissolve in polar solvents.

Example: NaCl in water.

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