Answer:
(a) from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit
Explanation:
In an electrochemical cell, there are two half cells; the oxidation half cell and reduction half cell. Oxidation typically refers to loss of electrons and reduction refers to gain of electrons.
Electrons always flow from the anode to the cathode or from the oxidation half cell to the reduction half cell.
The electrical circuit in an electrochemical cell confirms the flow of electron. Usually a light bulb is attached. The correct option is;
(a) from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit
Answer:
The stability of atoms depends on whether or not their outer-most shell is filled with electrons. If the outer shell is filled, the atom is stable. Atoms with unfilled outer shells are unstable, and will usually form chemical bonds with other atoms to achieve stability.
Explanation:
At an optimum pH of 7.0, there are more molecules per minute in all amounts of substrate thus this pH is ideal for maximum growth. 5. Enzymes function most efficiently at the temperature of a typical cell, which is 37 degrees Celsius. Increases or decreases in temperature can significantly lower the reaction rate.
Okay so,
1) Translation- show the RNA strand attatching to a DNA strand with the complimentary base pairs. introns are spliced
2) mRNA leaves the cell and joins with a ribosome
3) Transcription - tRNA (clover shaped) reads each codon (triplets) which each code for an amino acid. The stop codons on the end tell the tRNA that the chain is finished
4) the sequence forms the primary structure (all peptide bonds) which determines the shape of the secondary (hyrdogen and peptide) and hence determines the shape of the tertiary structure of a protein (ionic, hydrogen, disulfide bridges and hydrophibic interactions)
Hope this helps :)
Answer:
insoluble simply means something that cannot be dissolved in water (:
