I think these gases are water vapor and nitrogen. As the temperature rises, these water vapor molecules, would condense and form the oceans we have. Also, it was said that in the early atmosphere, nitrogen is very abundant and even today the composition of air is 79% by volume.
Energy I believe. If there is no energy given or taken the object will not react.
Answer:
C.) 1.5 kg
Explanation:
Start with the equation:

Plug in what you know, and solve:

Find matching soluation:
C.) 1.5 kg