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GrogVix [38]
3 years ago
9

When atomic orbitals of two nuclei overlap, the mutual attraction between a negatively charged electron pair and the two positiv

ely charged nuclei forms:
(A) a covalent bond
(B) an ionic bond
(C) an orbital bond
(D) none of the above
Chemistry
1 answer:
Lera25 [3.4K]3 years ago
6 0

Answer: Option (A) is the correct answer.

Explanation:

It is known that when sharing of electrons take place between two combining atoms then the bond formed is known as a covalent bond. In general, a covalent bond is formed between two non-metal atoms.

For example, the compound HCl has a covalent bond between the hydrogen and chlorine atom. As hydrogen atom has 1 valence electron and chlorine atom has 7 valence electrons.

So, in order to attain stability both these atoms will share their valence electrons and hence, a covalent bond is formed.

On the other hand, when an electron is transferred from one atom to another then it tends to form an ionic bond.

For example, the compound NaCl has an ionic bond.

Thus, we can conclude that when atomic orbitals of two nuclei overlap, the mutual attraction between a negatively charged electron pair and the two positively charged nuclei forms a covalent bond.

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Are Molar Mass and Molecular Mass the same thing? If they are different, then why are they used interchangeably?
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At this point there are two answers:  one says that there is no difference, except for the units;  the molecular weight (MW) is the mass of one molecule, while a molar mass is the mass of a mole (6.02 x 10 ^ 23) of molecules.

While in certain contexts both statements can be shown to be true, I'm not sure these answers really provide you with the insight you're looking for.

So, we'll look at your question from a different perspective.   Take a real example, something simple like water.  Water has a nominal MW of 18 (so we'll use nominal precision for simplicity, instead of the 4-places often used for these types of calculations).

The MW of water (formula = H2O) is the weight of one atom of oxygen, which = 16 amu [8-neutrons at 1 amu each plus 8 protons at 1 amu each = 16 amu), plus two atoms of hydrogen, at 1 proton (1 amu) each.  Normal everyday hydrogen has no neutrons.  So for H2O, we have a total molecular weight of 18 amu.

From the CRC reference book we find that one amu weighs 1.66 x 10 ^--24 grams.  Multiplying the two and in keeping with the two units of precision we're working with, one molecule of water has a mass of  29.8 x 10^-24g, or [3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g] per molecule of water.

A Mole is simply Avagadro's number (6.02 x 10 ^ 23) of anything... protons, baseballs, whatever.  The term Molar Mass in chemistry refers to the mass of a mole of molecules.  So in this case a molar mass of water molecules is Avagadro's number of them, the mass therefore being [6.02 x 10 ^ 23] x 3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g/ molecule] =  18.0 g

Summarizing:

Molecular Weight is the weight given in amu of an atom or molecule.  For H2O, the MW is 18 amu or 3.0 x 10 ^ -23 g.

Molar Weight is the weight, usually in grams of 6.02 x 10 ^ 23 measurements which happens to be equal to the MW of the molecule (or atomic wt. of the atom) , and for water is 18.0 g.

So, while MW and molar weight are related, their absolute values are magnitudes apart.

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