The nulear charge is the number of protons.
As the number of protons increases, the nuclear charge grows ant thhe pulling electrostatic force between them and electrons also grows, given that the electrostatic force is proportional to the magnitude of the charges.
As the number of electrons grows, they occupy outer shelss (farther from the nucleus). And the outer electrons will feel not only the atraction of the protons from the nucleus, but the repulsion of the inner electrons.
Then, we see that the increase of nuclear charge is opposed by the increase of core electrons, and the outer (valence) electrons are not so tied to the nucleus as the core electrons are.
This is called shielding effect. A way to quantify the shielding effect is through the effective nuclear charge which is the number of protons (Z) less the number of core electrons.
The more the number of core shells the greater the shielding effect experience by electros in the outermost shells.
The shielding effect, explains why the valence eletrons are more easily removed from the atom than core electrons, and also explains some trends of the periodic table: variationof the size of the atoms in a row, the greater the shielding efect, the less the atraction force felt by the outermos electron, the farther they are and the larger the atom.
As depth increases, the density of the layers decreases.
Answer:
Explanation:
The total amount of atoms is found by multiplying Avogradro's Number and the number of moles:
Answer:
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, since silver is initially hot as it cools down, the heat it loses is gained by the liquid, which can be thermodynamically represented by:
That in terms of the heat capacities, masses and temperature changes turns out:
Since no phase change is happening. Thus, solving for the heat capacity of the liquid we obtain:
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Answer: The mass percent of hydrogen in ascorbic acid is 4.5 %
Explanation:
In 
, there are 6 carbon atoms, 8 hydrogen atoms and 6 oxygen atoms.
To calculate the mass percent of element in a given compound, we use the formula:
Mass of hydrogen = 
Molar Mass of ascorbic acid =
Putting values in above equation, we get:
Hence, the mass percent of of hydrogen in ascorbic acid is 4.5 %.
