When a substance is changing state, its temperature remains constant. This is because energy is used to increase/decrease kinetic energy of the molecules of the substance, increasing/decreasing the inter-molecular distance and overcoming the energy bonds present between the molecules. Therefore, no energy is used to raise the temperature of the substance and therefore it remains constant
Answer:
1 and 3.
Explanation:
The entropy measures the randomness of the system, as higher is it, as higher is the entropy. The randomness is associated with the movement and the arrangement of the molecules. Thus, if the molecules are moving faster and are more disorganized, the randomness is greater.
So, the entropy (S) of the phases increases by:
S solid < S liquid < S gases.
1. The substance is going from solid to gas, thus the entropy is increasing.
2. The substance is going from a disorganized way (the molecules of I are disorganized) to an organized way (the molecules join together to form I2), thus the entropy is decreasing.
3. The molecules go from an organized way (the atom are joined together) to a disorganized way, thus the entropy increases.
4. The ions are disorganized and react to form a more organized molecule, thus the entropy decreases.
Answer:
Concentrated sulfuric acid can perform a dehydration reaction with table sugar. After mixing, the color changes from white to brownish and eventually to black. The expansion of the mixture is the result of vaporization of water and CO2 inside the container.
Answer
HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O (NaCl+H20)=the product
is a double substitution reaction
so the product ,one of them will be or Nacl or Water(H2O)
Answer:
a) K = [ CO2(g) ]
⇒ the [ CaCO3(s) ] does not appear in the denominator of the equilibrium constant, as it is a pure solid substance.
b) Kp = K (RT)∧Δn
⇒ the values of K and Kp are not the same
c) K >> 1, The reaction has a high yield and is said to be shifted to the right. then the rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the reverse reaction at equilibrium.
Explanation:
a) CaCO3(s) ↔ CaO(s) + CO2(g)
⇒ K = [ CO2(g) ]
∴ the [ CaCO3(s) ] does not appear in the denominator of the equilibrium constant, as it is a pure solid substance.
b) H2(g) + F2(g) ↔ 2 HF(g)
⇒ K = [ HF(g) ] ² / [ F2(g) ] * [ H2(g) ]
⇒ Kp = PHF² / PF2 * PH2
for ideal gas:
PV = RTn
⇒ P = n/V RT = [ ] RT
⇒ Kp = K (RT)∧Δn
⇒ the values of K and Kp are not the same.
c) K >> 1, The reaction has a high yield and is said to be shifted to the right. then the rate of the forward reaction is greater than the rate of the reverse reaction at equilibrium.
