A particle which is smaller than an atom in size. Typically, an atom can be broken down into three subatomic particles, namely: protons, electrons, and neutrons.
The British scientist Ernest Rutherford postulated the nuclear model of the atom in the early 1900s. He described his model as the atom being mostly empty space with electrons having a fixed orbit around the positively charged nucleus of the atom. The experiment he conducted to arrive at the model is known as the thin-foil experiment. He passed a narrow beam of particles through a thin film of metal foil and observed that the particles were only slightly scattered. It was with this observation that he concluded that most of the mass of a particle is concentrated only in a minute fraction of the total volume of the atom.
Temperature is the average energy of each particle and does not really give you an indication of the total internal energy. That being said, total internal energy is the sum of all of the molecule's energy in a given object so it would make sense that an ice berg (having a huge number molecules at a lower average energy) would have more internal energy than a match head (having a much smaller number of molecules at a higher average energy). Basically, the fact that ice bergs tend to be huge and contain much more molecules than a match head, means that ice bergs can have a larger total internal energy which means they store more energy.
I hope this helps.
