Ernest Rutherford
J. J Thomson
Explanation:
<u>Ernest Rutherford</u>
In 1911, Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand chemist performed the gold foil experiment where he gave the modelling of the atom a boost.
Experiment
In his experiment, he bombarded a thin gold foil with alpha particles generated from a radioactive source. He found that most of the alpha particles passed through the gold foil while a few of them were deflected back.
Discovery and reflection on the atomic theory
To account for his observation, Rutherford suggested an atomic model in which an atom has small positively charged center where nearly all the mass is concentrated.
<u>J. J Thomson</u>
Experiment
In 1897 J.J Thomson performed experiments using the gas discharge tube that led to the discovery of the electrons. He called them cathode rays because they originate from the cathode and exits at the anode.
Discovery and reflection on the atomic theory
From his experiment on the gas discharge tube, Thomson was able determine the properties of cathode rays some of which are:
- they move in a straight line
- they possess kinetic energy
- they attract positive charges and repels negative charges
Using his observation, he proposed the plum pudding model of the atom where it is made up of entirely electrons.
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Answer:
The product of aerobic respiration is Carbon dioxide.
Explanation:
- The process of breaking down glucose to produce energy and waste products is called respiration. Livings beings need respiration process to generate energy so that they can survive.
- The types of respiration are : Anaerobic and aerobic respiration.
- Aerobic respiration takes place in presence of oxygen and produces large amount of energy.
- The final product of aerobic respiration are carbon dioxide, water and 38 ATP of energy.
The middle nitrogen has two sigma bonds and one pi bond. You know that one p orbital is used in the double bond and two sp2 orbitals are involved in the sigma bond. This leaves one sp2 orbital for the lone pair to occupy.
