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amm1812
2 years ago
6

Isotopes that decay with a nuclear break-up and emit a significant amount of energy are said to be ________.

Chemistry
1 answer:
podryga [215]2 years ago
3 0

Answer to this is Radioactive isotopes.

Isotopes are the species of the same element having different atomic masses that means the number of protons remains the same but number of neutrons do differ. For example _{1}^{2}\textrm{H} and _{1}^{3}\textrm{H} are the two isotopes of Hydrogen (_{1}^{1}\textrm{H} ).

Radioactive isotopes are the isotopes which release some kind of energy in the form of alpha particles, beta particles or gamma radiation. Examples of each of the decay processes are :

Alpha Decay: In this decay one alpha particle having atomic mass 4 and atomic number 2 or we can say a He molecule will come out. _{Z}^{A}\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z-2}^{A-4}\textrm{Y}+_{2}^{4}\alpha

Beta Decay: In this decay a \beta particle is emitted increasing the atomic number of the reactant by 1 unit.

_{Z}^{A}\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z+1}^{A}\textrm{Y}+_{-1}^{0}\beta

Gamma Radiation: In this type of reaction only radiation is emitted out which does not change the original molecule.

_{Z}^{A}\textrm{X}\rightarrow _{Z}^{A}\textrm{X}+\gamma\text{ radiation}

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When PCl5 solidifies it forms PCl4+ cations and PCl6– anions. According to valence bond theory, what hybrid orbitals are used by
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Answer:

sp³

Explanation:

Number of hybrid orbitals = ( V + S - C + A ) / 2

Where

H is the number of hybrid orbitals

V is the valence electrons of the central atom = 5

S is the number of single valency atoms = 4

C is the number of cations = 1

A is the number of anions = 0

For PCl₄⁺

Applying the values, we get:

H = ( 5+4-1+0) / 2

= 4

<u>This corresponds to sp³ hybridization.</u>

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