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oee [108]
3 years ago
12

A rock has a density of 2.2 g/cm3 and a volume of 66.5 mL. How much mass does the rock have?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Flura [38]3 years ago
7 0

Given parameters:

Density of the rock = 2.2g/cm³

Volume of rock = 66.5mL

Unknown:

Mass of the rock = ?

Solution:

Density is the mass per unit volume of a body. It is mathematically expressed as shown below;

          Density  = \frac{mass}{volume}

So;

         Mass = Density x Volume

We need to take the given parameters to the same unit before we solve;

              convert mL to cm³

                 1mL  = 1cm³;  66.5mL is the same as 66.5cm³

Now solve;

          Mass  = 2.2 x 66.5  = <u>146.3g</u>

<u></u>

<u>The mass of the rock is 146.3g</u>

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Answer:

<u>Option 1</u>:  N⁻³ > O⁻² > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg⁺²    

Explanation:

<u>Ionic radius is the radius of an atom´s ion in ionic crystal structure</u>.<u> </u><u><em>In an ion that lose an electron, to form a cation, the radius of the ion gets smaller</em></u><em>, </em>because the repulsion between electrons decrease because fewer electrons are present. Conversely, <u><em>adding on electron to a neutral atom, to form an anion, causes electron - electron repulsions to increase, so the size of the radius of the ion gets bigger.</em></u>                  

<u><em>Isoelectronic species are ions or elements that have the same number of electrons in their electronic shells but have different overall charges, because of their different atomic numbers</em></u>.                        

<u><em>In a isolelectronic series (same number of electrons),</em></u> <u><em>the increase of the positive charge (given by the number of protons in the nucleus), will cause a decrease in radius </em></u>beacuse the greater electrostatic attraction between the electrons and the nucleus. Consequently, the ion with the greatest nuclear charge will have the smallest ionic radius and the ion with the smallest nulear charge will have the largest ionic radius.  

<u>We will use this principle to solve our problem</u>.  

In our case, the given ions are:  

  • N⁻³ :    Z = 7,  e⁻ = 10
  • O⁻²:     Z= 8,   e⁻ =10
  • F⁻:       Z = 9,  e⁻ = 10
  • Na⁺:    Z= 11,   e⁻ = 10
  • Mg⁺²:  Z=12,   e⁻ =10

where Z= number of protons, and e⁻ = number of electrons.

<em><u>Hence the decreasing order of ionic radius is:</u></em>

N⁻³ > O⁻² > F⁻ > Na⁺ > Mg⁺²  

Have a nice day!

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