Answer:
The correct question is:
"Find the energy each gains"
The energy gained by a charged particle accelerated through a potential difference is given by

where
q is the charge of the particle
is the potential difference
For a proton,

And since 
The energy gained by the proton is

For an alpha particle,

Therefore, the energy gained is

Finally, for a singly ionized helium nucleus (a helium nucleus that has lost one electron)

So the energy gained is the same as the proton:

We begin by noting that the angle of incidence is the one that's taken with respect to the normal to the surface in question. In this case the angle of incidence is 30. The material is Flint Glass according to the original question. The refractive indez of air n1=1, the refractive index of red in flint glass is nred=1.57, finally for violet in the glass medium is nviolet=1.60. Snell's Law dictates:

Where

differs for each wavelenght, that means violet and red will have different refractive indices in the glass.
In the second figure provided details are given on which are the angles in question,

is the distance between both rays.


At what distance d from the incidence normal will the beams land at the bottom?
For violet we have:

For red we have:

We finally have:
Answer: 
Explanation:
Centripetal acceleration
is calculated by the following equation:
Where:
is the Earth's orbital speed
is the orbital radius
