Answer:
p-fluoronitrobenzene and sodium phenoxide is more appropriate
Explanation:
An ipso substitution is required to form p-nitrophenyl phenyl ether.
For this ipso substitution, an alkoxide anion needs to attack as a nucleophile at the carbon atom attached to fluorine atom and thereby substitute that F atom.
p-nitrophenoxide is an weak nucleophile as compared to phenoxide due to presence of electron withdrawing resonating effect of nitro group at para position.
p-fluoronitrobenzene is a good choice for nucleophilic attack by alkoxide anion as compared to fluorobenzene due to higher positive charge density at carbon atom directly attached to F atom. Higher positive charge density arises due to presence of electron withdrawing resonating effect og nitro group at para position.
So, p-fluoronitrobenzene and sodium phenoxide is more appropriate
The answer is 3.5 × 10^-3
It would be an physical change ; if you melt butter the butter goes from a solid to a liquid so therefore the physical state is changed.
Answer:
Option C = electron
Explanation:
Electrons are responsible for the production of colored light.
Electron:
The electron is subatomic particle that revolve around outside the nucleus and has negligible mass. It has a negative charge.
Symbol= e-
Mass= 9.10938356×10⁻³¹ Kg
It was discovered by j. j. Thomson in 1897 during the study of cathode ray properties.
How electrons produce the colored light:
Excitation:
When the energy is provided to the atom the electrons by absorbing the energy jump to the higher energy levels. This process is called excitation. The amount of energy absorbed by the electron is exactly equal to the energy difference of orbits.
De-excitation:
When the excited electron fall back to the lower energy levels the energy is released in the form of radiations. this energy is exactly equal to the energy difference between the orbits. The characteristics bright colors are due to the these emitted radiations. These emitted radiations can be seen if they are fall in the visible region of spectrum.
Other process may involve,
Fluorescence:
In fluorescence the energy is absorbed by the electron having shorter wavelength and high energy usually of U.V region. The process of absorbing the light occur in a very short period of time i.e. 10 ∧-15 sec. During the fluorescence the spin of electron not changed.
The electron is then de-excited by emitting the light in visible and IR region. This process of de-excitation occur in a time period of 10∧-9 sec.
Phosphorescence:
In phosphorescence the electron also goes to the excitation to the higher level by absorbing the U.V radiations. In case of Phosphorescence the transition back to the lower energy level occur very slowly and the spin pf electron also change.
Th actual yield of the reaction is 24.86 g
We'll begin by calculating the theoretical yield of the reaction.
2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl
Molar mass of Na = 23 g/mol
Mass of Na from the balanced equation = 2 × 23 = 46 g
Molar mass of NaCl = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5 g/mol
Mass of NaCl from the balanced = 2 × 58.5 = 117 g
From the balanced equation above,
46 g of Na reacted to produce 117 g of NaCl.
Therefore,
11.5 g of Na will react to produce = (11.5 × 117) / 46 = 29.25 g of NaCl.
Thus, the theoretical yield of NaCl is 29.25 g.
Finally, we shall determine the actual yield of NaCl.
- Theoretical yield = 29.25 g
Actual yield = Percent yield × Theoretical yield
Actual yield = 85% × 29.25
Actual yield = 0.85 × 29.25 g
Actual yield = 24.86 g
Learn more about stoichiometry: brainly.com/question/25899385
