Answer:
a. It always points perpendicular to the contact surface.
Explanation:
"Normal" means perpendicular. Normal forces are always perpendicular to the contact surface.
Linear momentum has to be conserved. It was zero before the thread eas burned ... when nothing was moving ... so the momentum of the masses moving in opposite directions has to add up to zero. ... Momentum = mass times speed. ... In one direction, you have 5 kg times 1/5 m/s= 1 kg-m/s. ... We need 1 kg-m/s in the other direction. ... 7 kg times speed = 1 kg-m/s. ... Can you finish it from here ?
Here we can use momentum conservation as in this type of collision there is no external force on it

now here we can say




now here we can say


now by coefficient of restitution
for elastic collision we know that e = 1


now by solving the two equation


also we know that

so final speed of the nail is 6.875 m/s
Answer:
(A)The water will freeze.
Explanation:
Heat is the energy that when transferred causes change in temperature. If heat is added to a body by some process the bodies temperature increases and if heat is removed from a body by some process the temperature reduces.
In this case if enough heat is removed from the room the internal movement of the water particles will slow down causing the water to form crystal lattice thus forming ice. So, the water will freeze.